Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Physiol Biochem. 2019 Nov;75(4):415-421. doi: 10.1007/s13105-019-00697-1. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
Tachykinins (TKs) include an evolutionarily conserved group of small bio-active peptides which possess a common carboxyl-terminal sequence, Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. TKs also have been shown to have implications in different steps of carcinogenesis, such as angiogenesis, mitogenesis, metastasis, and other growth-related events. The biological actions of substance P (SP), as the most important member of the TK family, are mainly mediated through a G protein-coupled receptor named neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). More recently, it has become clear that SP/NK1R system is involved in the initiation and activation of signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Therefore, SP may contribute to triggering a variety of effector mechanisms including protein synthesis and a number of transcription factors that modulate the expression of genes involved in these processes. The overwhelming insights into the blockage of NK1R using specific antagonists could suggest a therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on evidence supporting an association between the signaling pathways of the SP/NK1R system and cancer cell proliferation and development.
速激肽（TKs）包括一组进化上保守的小分子生物活性肽，它们具有共同的羧基末端序列 Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2。TKs 还被证明与致癌作用的不同步骤有关，如血管生成、有丝分裂、转移和其他与生长相关的事件。P 物质（SP）作为 TK 家族中最重要的成员，其生物学作用主要通过一种名为神经激肽-1 受体（NK1R）的 G 蛋白偶联受体介导。最近，越来越清楚的是，SP/NK1R 系统参与了涉及癌症发生和发展的信号通路的启动和激活。因此，SP 可能有助于触发包括蛋白质合成和许多转录因子在内的多种效应机制，这些转录因子调节参与这些过程的基因的表达。使用特定拮抗剂阻断 NK1R 的大量研究结果表明，这可能是癌症治疗的一种治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了支持 SP/NK1R 系统的信号通路与癌细胞增殖和发展之间存在关联的证据。
