Mashaheet Alsayed M, Burkey Kent O, Marshall David S
Department of Plant Pathology, Damanhour University, Damanhour 59, Egypt.
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Aug 1;8(8):261. doi: 10.3390/plants8080261.
Breeding wheat for higher grain yield can contribute to global food security and sustainable production on less land. Tropospheric ozone can injure wheat plants and subsequently reduce grain yield. Identification of ozone tolerance in the wheat genome can assist plant breeders in developing new sources of tolerant germplasm. Our objective was to use the 'Chinese Spring' monosomic lines to screen for ozone response and identify the chromosomic locations contributing to ozone tolerance based on foliar injury. Two methodologies, Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors and Outdoor Plant Environment Chambers, were used to expose wheat monosomic lines to varying concentrations and durations of ozone. Each wheat monosomic line in 'Chinese Spring' has a missing chromosome in each of the wheat subgenomes (A, B, and D). In both methodologies, we found significant and repeatable data to identify chromosome 7A as a major contributor to tolerance to ozone injury in 'Chinese Spring'. In every experiment, the absence of chromosome 7A resulted in significant injury to wheat due to ozone. This was not the case when any other chromosome was missing.
培育高产小麦有助于全球粮食安全，并在更少的土地上实现可持续生产。对流层臭氧会损害小麦植株，进而降低粮食产量。在小麦基因组中鉴定臭氧耐受性有助于植物育种者开发新的耐受性种质资源。我们的目标是利用“中国春”单体系筛选臭氧反应，并基于叶片损伤确定对臭氧耐受性有贡献的染色体位置。采用连续搅拌槽式反应器和室外植物环境舱两种方法，将小麦单体系暴露于不同浓度和持续时间的臭氧中。“中国春”中的每个小麦单体系在每个小麦亚基因组（A、B和D）中都缺失一条染色体。在这两种方法中，我们都发现了显著且可重复的数据，确定7A染色体是“中国春”中对臭氧损伤耐受性的主要贡献者。在每个实验中，缺失7A染色体会导致小麦因臭氧而受到显著损伤。当缺失任何其他染色体时，情况并非如此。
