Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany; Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany; Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2019 Oct;60:139-144. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.06.007. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
Cells need to regulate the size and shape of their organelles for proper function. For example, the mitotic spindle adapts its size to changes in cell size over several orders of magnitude, but we lack a mechanistic understanding of how this is achieved. Here, we review our current knowledge of how small and large spindles assemble and ask which microtubule-based biophysical processes (nucleation, polymerization dynamics, transport) may be responsible for spindle size regulation. Finally, we review possible cell-scale mechanisms that put spindle size under the regulation of cell size.
细胞需要调节细胞器的大小和形状以实现正常功能。例如，有丝分裂纺锤体的大小能够适应细胞大小的几个数量级的变化，但我们缺乏对其如何实现的机制性理解。在这里，我们回顾了我们目前对小和大纺锤体组装的了解，并提出哪些基于微管的生物物理过程（成核、聚合动力学、运输）可能负责纺锤体大小的调节。最后，我们回顾了可能的细胞尺度机制，这些机制使纺锤体大小受到细胞大小的调节。
