Mortreux Marie, Riveros Daniela, Bouxsein Mary L, Rutkove Seward B
Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jul 18;10:899. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00899. eCollection 2019.
While there is a relatively good understanding of the effects of microgravity on human physiology based on five decades of experience, the physiological consequences of partial gravity remain far less well understood. Until recently, no model had been able to replicate partial gravity such as that experienced on Mars (0.38 g), which would be critical to help sustain long-term missions and ensure a safe return to Earth. Recent development of two partial weight bearing (PWB) models, one in mice and one in rats, now allows for quadrupedal partial unloading that mimics Martian gravity. Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol most commonly found in grapes and blueberries, has been extensively investigated for its health benefits, including its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-diabetic effects. In the context of mechanical unloading, RSV has also been shown to preserve bone and muscle mass. However, there is a lack of research regarding its effect on the musculoskeletal system in partial gravity. We hypothesized that a moderate daily dose of RSV (150 mg/kg/day) would help mitigate muscle deconditioning in a Mars gravity analog. Indeed, our results demonstrate that RSV treatment during partial unloading significantly preserves muscle function (e.g., the average change in grip force after 14 days of PWB40 was of -6.18, and +10.92% when RSV was administered) and mitigates muscle atrophy (e.g., RSV supplementation led to an increase of 21.6% in soleus weight for the unloaded animals). This work suggests the potential of a nutraceutical approach to reduce musculoskeletal deconditioning on a long-term mission to Mars.
基于五十年的经验，人们对微重力对人体生理的影响有了相对较好的理解，但对部分重力的生理后果仍知之甚少。直到最近，还没有模型能够复制火星上的部分重力（0.38g），而这对于帮助维持长期任务和确保安全返回地球至关重要。最近开发的两种部分负重（PWB）模型，一种用于小鼠，一种用于大鼠，现在可以实现模拟火星重力的四足部分卸载。白藜芦醇（RSV）是一种在葡萄和蓝莓中最常见的多酚，因其对健康有益而被广泛研究，包括其抗炎、抗氧化和抗糖尿病作用。在机械卸载的背景下，RSV也被证明可以保持骨骼和肌肉质量。然而，关于其在部分重力下对肌肉骨骼系统影响的研究却很少。我们假设，每天适量服用RSV（150mg/kg/天）将有助于减轻在火星重力模拟环境中的肌肉失健。事实上，我们的结果表明，在部分卸载期间进行RSV治疗可显著保持肌肉功能（例如，在40%部分负重14天后握力的平均变化，未服用RSV时为-6.18%，服用RSV时为+10.92%），并减轻肌肉萎缩（例如，补充RSV使卸载动物的比目鱼肌重量增加了21.6%）。这项工作表明，营养补充剂方法有可能减少前往火星的长期任务中的肌肉骨骼失健。
