Weil Anna-Sophie, Hernández Gina Patricia, Suslow Thomas, Quirin Markus
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Stress and Health Research Group, Department of Basic Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jul 16;10:1634. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01634. eCollection 2019.
In everyday life, affective processes occur spontaneously and typically go along with an automatic activation of action tendencies and physiological responses. Because self-reports of affect are also known to be biased by various factors, including deficits in introspection or impression management strategies, an indirect measure, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT), was developed to assess implicit affect and to circumvent these difficulties. In this review, findings from neurobiological and clinical studies administering the IPANAT are revised, we focus on the link between implicit affect and psychophysiological reactions to affective stimuli and stressors. Specifically, implicit affect as measured by the IPANAT was found to predict cardiovascular, endocrine, and functional neuroimaging correlates of stress or fear beyond explicit affect. The present evidence strongly suggests the usage of implicit affect measures in future research on stress and psychopathology.
在日常生活中，情感过程会自发发生，通常伴随着行动倾向和生理反应的自动激活。由于已知情感的自我报告也会受到各种因素的影响，包括内省缺陷或印象管理策略，因此开发了一种间接测量方法，即内隐积极和消极情感测试（IPANAT），以评估内隐情感并规避这些困难。在这篇综述中，我们对使用IPANAT的神经生物学和临床研究结果进行了修订，重点关注内隐情感与对情感刺激和压力源的心理生理反应之间的联系。具体而言，通过IPANAT测量的内隐情感被发现能够预测压力或恐惧的心血管、内分泌和功能性神经影像学关联，而不仅仅是外显情感。目前的证据强烈表明，在未来关于压力和精神病理学的研究中应使用内隐情感测量方法。
