Lai Hsiang-Chun, Chang Qwang-Yuen, Hsieh Ching-Liang
Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
Department of Family Medicine, Lin Shin Hospital, Taichung 408, Taiwan.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jul 11;2019:2909632. doi: 10.1155/2019/2909632. eCollection 2019.
In this article, we review signal transduction pathways through which acupuncture treats nervous system diseases. We electronically searched the databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, clinical Key, the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception to December 2018 using the following MeSH headings and keywords alone or in varied combination: acupuncture, molecular, signal transduction, genetic, cerebral ischemic injury, cerebral hemorrhagic injury, stroke, epilepsy, seizure, depression, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease. Acupuncture treats nervous system diseases by increasing the brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and involves multiple signal pathways, including p38 MAPKs, Raf/MAPK/ERK 1/2, TLR4/ERK, PI3K/AKT, AC/cAMP/PKA, ASK1-JNK/p38, and downstream CREB, JNK, m-TOR, NF-B, and Bcl-2/Bax balance. Acupuncture affects synaptic plasticity, causes an increase in neurotrophic factors, and results in neuroprotection, cell proliferation, antiapoptosis, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation, and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.
在本文中，我们综述了针灸治疗神经系统疾病的信号转导途径。我们通过电子方式检索了包括PubMed、MEDLINE、Clinical Key、Cochrane图书馆和中国知网在内的数据库，检索时间从各数据库建库至2018年12月，检索词使用了以下单独或不同组合的医学主题词（MeSH）和关键词：针灸、分子、信号转导、基因、脑缺血损伤、脑出血损伤、中风、癫痫、发作、抑郁症、阿尔茨海默病、痴呆、血管性痴呆和帕金森病。针灸通过提高脑源性神经营养因子水平来治疗神经系统疾病，涉及多个信号通路，包括p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38 MAPKs）、Raf/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（Raf/MAPK/ERK 1/2）、Toll样受体4/细胞外信号调节激酶（TLR4/ERK）、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/AKT）、腺苷酸环化酶/环磷酸腺苷/蛋白激酶A（AC/cAMP/PKA）、凋亡信号调节激酶1-应激活化蛋白激酶/ p38（ASK1-JNK/p38）以及下游的环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白（CREB）、应激活化蛋白激酶（JNK）、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（m-TOR）、核因子κB（NF-κB）和Bcl-2/Bax平衡。针灸影响突触可塑性，使神经营养因子增加，并导致神经保护、细胞增殖、抗凋亡、抗氧化活性、抗炎以及维持血脑屏障。
