Meiyanto Edy, Larasati Yonika Arum
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Adv Pharm Bull. 2019 Jun;9(2):219-230. doi: 10.15171/apb.2019.025. Epub 2019 Jun 1.
Cancer remains a complex disease with increasing global mortality and morbidity. Numerous theories have been established to understand the biological mechanism underlying cancer. One of the most renowned frameworks is the hallmark of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg that covers ten eminent characteristics of cancer: () genome instability and mutation, () sustaining proliferative signaling, () evading growth suppressor, () enabling replicative immortality, () resisting cell death, () inducing angiogenesis, () activating invasion and metastasis, () avoiding immune destruction, () tumor-promoting inflammation, and () deregulating cellular energetics. These hallmarks provide a rational approach to design an anticancer therapy. In the current review, we summarized specific target molecules on each hallmark of cancer. Further, we evaluated the biological activity of several Indonesia medicinal plants against those specific targets. We explicated the anticancer and chemopreventive activities of some medicinal plants that have been used for centuries by local communities in Indonesia, including and . Interestingly, these medicinal plants target several hallmarks of cancer, and even exhibited biological activities that target all hallmarks of cancer. Further, we also discuss several strategies to develop those medicinal plants and/or their active compounds as anticancer and chemopreventive agents.
癌症仍然是一种复杂的疾病，全球死亡率和发病率不断上升。人们已经建立了许多理论来理解癌症背后的生物学机制。最著名的框架之一是哈纳汉和温伯格提出的癌症标志，它涵盖了癌症的十个显著特征：（1）基因组不稳定和突变，（2）维持增殖信号，（3）逃避生长抑制，（4）实现复制永生，（5）抵抗细胞死亡，（6）诱导血管生成，（7）激活侵袭和转移，（8）避免免疫破坏，（9）促进肿瘤的炎症，以及（10）细胞能量代谢失调。这些标志为设计抗癌疗法提供了一种合理的方法。在当前的综述中，我们总结了癌症每个标志上的特定靶分子。此外，我们评估了几种印度尼西亚药用植物针对这些特定靶标的生物活性。我们阐述了印度尼西亚当地社区几个世纪以来一直使用的一些药用植物的抗癌和化学预防活性，包括[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]。有趣的是，这些药用植物针对癌症的几个标志，甚至[植物名称2]表现出针对癌症所有标志的生物活性。此外，我们还讨论了将这些药用植物和/或其活性化合物开发为抗癌和化学预防剂的几种策略。
