Department of Organization Management, Antai College of Economics and Management.
Durham University Business School, Durham University.
J Appl Psychol. 2020 Mar;105(3):294-311. doi: 10.1037/apl0000438. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
We conceptualize generalized exchange orientation, and develop and validate a scale assessing individual orientations toward generalized exchange as well as reciprocal and negotiated exchange for offering a full set of measurements for social exchange orientation. Through 4 phases and using data from 1,408 participants, we established factorial, nomological, discriminant, and incremental validity of the social exchange orientation Scale and examined measurement invariance of the scale between samples from the United States and Japan. First, our findings indicate the newly developed scale for generalized exchange orientation (GEO) is distinct from measures of other forms of social exchange orientation and prosocial orientation. Second, the GEO Scale shows incremental validity as it predicts citizenship behaviors toward individuals above and beyond the key dispositional antecedents known in the literature. Implications and future research on generalized exchange are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
我们将广义交换取向概念化，并开发和验证了一个评估个体对广义交换以及互惠和协商交换取向的量表，为社会交换取向提供了一整套测量方法。通过四个阶段，我们使用了来自 1408 名参与者的数据，确立了社会交换取向量表的因子、效标、区分和增量有效性，并检验了该量表在美国和日本样本之间的测量不变性。首先，我们的研究结果表明，新开发的广义交换取向量表（GEO）与其他形式的社会交换取向和亲社会取向的测量方法不同。其次，GEO 量表具有增量有效性，因为它可以预测公民行为，超越文献中已知的关键性格前因。讨论了广义交换的意义和未来研究。
