Department of I+D+i, Nesplora Technology & Behavior, San Sebastian, Spain.
Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2021 Jul-Aug;28(4):403-415. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1646745. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Attentional and working memory (WM) processes undergo significant changes during different stages of development. However, currently there are not many continuous performance tools based on virtual reality (VR) for measuring attentional capacity in adults. The present study aimed to obtain normative data for the Nesplora Aquarium VR test in a Spanish population, looking at sex and age variables. In addition, this study also aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the tool such as scale, internal consistency, and item difficulty and discrimination indices. A total of 1,469 participants from different regions of Spain (57.6% female) with ages ranging from 16 to 90 years old took part in this normative study. Nesplora Aquarium was developed in order to support clinicians in the assessment of attentional processes and WM in adults over 16 years old. It is an 18-minute individual test performed through a VR system. The system provides better visual and auditory immersion in the task than computerized CPTs. This study revealed that the new VR tool, designed to measure adult attention and working memory levels, exhibited good psychometric properties related to reliability and internal consistency. In addition, item difficulty and discrimination values were also acceptable.
注意和工作记忆（WM）过程在不同的发育阶段会发生显著变化。然而，目前针对成人注意力容量的测量，基于虚拟现实（VR）的连续性能测试工具并不多。本研究旨在获得西班牙人群中 Nesplora 水族馆 VR 测试的常模数据，研究性别和年龄变量。此外，本研究还旨在分析工具的心理计量学特性，如量表、内部一致性以及项目难度和区分度指数。共有来自西班牙不同地区的 1469 名参与者（57.6%为女性）参加了这项常模研究，年龄在 16 至 90 岁之间。Nesplora 水族馆是为了帮助临床医生评估 16 岁以上成年人的注意力和 WM 过程而开发的。它是一个 18 分钟的个体测试，通过 VR 系统进行。该系统在任务中提供了比计算机化 CPT 更好的视觉和听觉沉浸感。这项研究表明，新的 VR 工具旨在测量成人的注意力和工作记忆水平，具有良好的心理计量学特性，包括可靠性和内部一致性。此外，项目难度和区分度值也可以接受。
