Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin and Tallaght Hospital, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland.
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Room 2,33, 2nd Floor, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2019 Sep;48(3):389-405. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Jun 12.
The gut microbiota, acting via the gut-brain axis, modulates key neurobiological systems that are dysregulated in stress-related disorders. Preclinical studies show that the gut microbiota exerts an influence over neuroimmune and neuroendocrine signaling pathways, in addition to epigenetic modification, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. In humans, preliminary evidence suggests that the gut microbiota profile is altered in depression. The full impact of microbiota-based treatments, at different neurodevelopmental time points, has yet to be fully explored. The integration of the gut microbiota, as a mediator, in the complex trajectory of depression, may enhance the possibility of personalized precision psychiatry.
肠道微生物群通过肠道-大脑轴作用，调节应激相关障碍中失调的关键神经生物学系统。临床前研究表明，肠道微生物群除了对表观遗传修饰、神经发生和神经传递产生影响外，还对神经免疫和神经内分泌信号通路产生影响。在人类中，初步证据表明，肠道微生物群在抑郁症中发生改变。基于微生物群的治疗在不同的神经发育时间点的全部影响尚未得到充分探索。将肠道微生物群作为一种介质整合到抑郁症的复杂轨迹中，可能会增加个性化精准精神病学的可能性。
