Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Tissue Cell. 2019 Aug;59:70-81. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.06.003. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing their multipotency are known as progenitors for the regeneration of adult tissues including that of neuronal tissue. The repair and/or regeneration of traumatic nerves is still a challenging task for neurosurgeons. It is also a well-established fact that the microenvironment plays a primary role in determining the fate of stem cells to a specific lineage. In recent years, with the advent of nanotechnology and its positive influence on designing and fabrication of various 3D biomaterials have progressed to a greater extent. The production of 3D biomaterials such as nanofibers, conduits and hydrogels are providing a suitable environment for mimicking physiological niche of stem cells. These 3D biomaterials in combination with MSCs have been successfully analyzed for their potential in the regeneration of degenerative neurological disorders. This review primarily highlights the combinatorial effect of multipotent MSCs seeded on various 3D polymeric scaffolds in repair and regeneration of nervous tissue. The elaboration of MSCs from distinct sources reported so far in literature are summarized to understand their role in regeneration processes. Furthermore, we accentuate the application of 3D biomaterials especially the nanofibers, polymeric conduits, hydrogels infiltrated with MSCs harvested from distinct sources in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration studies.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其多能性而被称为成年组织再生的祖细胞，包括神经组织。外伤性神经的修复和/或再生仍然是神经外科医生面临的一项具有挑战性的任务。同样众所周知的是，微环境在决定干细胞向特定谱系的命运方面起着主要作用。近年来，随着纳米技术的出现及其对各种 3D 生物材料的设计和制造的积极影响，已经取得了更大的进展。3D 生物材料的生产，如纳米纤维、导管和水凝胶，为模拟干细胞的生理小生境提供了合适的环境。这些 3D 生物材料与 MSCs 结合，已成功分析其在退行性神经疾病再生中的潜力。这篇综述主要强调了在神经组织修复和再生中，接种在各种 3D 聚合物支架上的多能 MSC 的组合效应。总结了迄今为止文献中报道的不同来源的 MSC 的详细信息，以了解它们在再生过程中的作用。此外，我们强调了 3D 生物材料，特别是纳米纤维、聚合物导管、水凝胶在周围神经再生研究中的应用，这些生物材料中浸润有从不同来源收获的 MSC。
