Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) , Université de Toulouse, CNRS , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France.
Chem Rev. 2020 Jan 22;120(2):1146-1183. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00204. Epub 2019 Aug 6.
Alcohols, in particular polyols, are well-known for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, often acting as reducing agents, solvents, and stabilizers. Given not only their structural flexibility depending on the number of OH functions and their inherent H bonding interactions, but also the wide range of polyol molecular weights readily available, different physicochemical properties (boiling point, polarity, viscosity) could be exploited toward the synthesis of well-defined nanomaterials. In particular, the relevance of the supramolecular structure of polyols has a fundamental impact on the formation of metal nanoparticles, thereby favoring the dispersion of the nanoclusters. In the field of the metal-based nanocatalysis, palladium occupies a privileged position mainly due to its remarkable versatility in terms of reactivity representing a foremost tool in synthesis. In this review, we describe the controlled synthesis of Pd-based nanoparticles in polyol medium, focusing on the progress in terms of tailoring size, morphology, structure, and surface state. Moreover, we discuss the use of palladium nanoparticles, in a polyol solvent, applied in two of the most relevant Pd-catalyzed processes, i.e., couplings and hydrogenation reactions, including multistep processes.
醇类，特别是多元醇，因其能够合成金属纳米粒子而广为人知，通常作为还原剂、溶剂和稳定剂。鉴于其不仅具有取决于 OH 官能团数量的结构灵活性和内在氢键相互作用，而且还具有广泛的多元醇分子量，因此可以利用不同的物理化学性质（沸点、极性、粘度）来合成具有良好定义的纳米材料。特别是，多元醇的超分子结构的相关性对金属纳米粒子的形成有根本影响，从而有利于纳米簇的分散。在基于金属的纳米催化领域中，钯由于其在反应性方面的显著多功能性而占据着特殊的地位，是合成中最重要的工具。在本文中，我们描述了在多元醇介质中钯基纳米粒子的可控合成，重点介绍了在尺寸、形态、结构和表面状态方面的进展。此外，我们还讨论了在多元醇溶剂中使用钯纳米粒子在两种最重要的钯催化反应（偶联反应和氢化反应，包括多步反应）中的应用。
