Albanese-O'Neill Anastasia, Schatz Desmond A, Thomas Nicole, Bernhardt Jay M, Cook Christa L, Haller Michael J, Bernier Angelina V, Silverstein Janet H, Westen Sarah C, Elder Jennifer H
College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Moody College of Communications, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
JMIR Diabetes. 2019 Aug 6;4(3):e13724. doi: 10.2196/13724.
Fathers make unique and central contributions to the health of their children. However, research in type 1 diabetes (T1D) education largely ignores the needs of fathers, including during the development of online and mobile educational materials.
The purpose of this study was to solicit and incorporate input from fathers of children with T1D into the design, content, and infrastructure of a suite of online diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) resources.
The study took part in three phases: (1) exploratory research, (2) website and subdomain development, and (3) evaluation. Fathers of children with T1D (n=30) completed surveys and semistructured qualitative interviews. Thematic content analysis was used to identify fathers' content and design preferences. An online DSMES website (T1DToolkit.org) and a separate mobile subdomain targeting fathers (Mobile Diabetes Advice for Dads, or mDAD) were developed. A prototype of the site for fathers was evaluated by 33 additional father participants. End user feedback was elicited via survey.
Participants in the exploratory phase were enthusiastic about the online diabetes resources. Preferences included high-quality design, availability via mobile phone and tablet, brief text content supplemented with multimedia and interactive features, reminders via text or email, endorsement by medical professionals, and links to scientific evidence. The mDAD subdomain received high usability and acceptability ratings, with 100% of participants very likely or likely to use the site again.
The development of eHealth educational platforms for fathers of children with T1D remains an unmet need in optimizing diabetes management. This study incorporated fathers' feedback into the development of a suite of online diabetes education resources. The findings will serve as the basis for future research to assess the clinical efficacy of the website, its subdomain targeting fathers, and additional subdomains targeting unique populations.
父亲对子女的健康有着独特且核心的贡献。然而，1型糖尿病（T1D）教育方面的研究在很大程度上忽视了父亲的需求，包括在在线和移动教育材料的开发过程中。
本研究的目的是征求患有T1D儿童的父亲的意见，并将其纳入一套在线糖尿病自我管理教育与支持（DSMES）资源的设计、内容和基础设施中。
该研究分三个阶段进行：（1）探索性研究，（2）网站和子域名开发，（3）评估。患有T1D儿童的父亲（n = 30）完成了调查问卷和半结构化定性访谈。采用主题内容分析法来确定父亲们对内容和设计的偏好。开发了一个在线DSMES网站（T1DToolkit.org）以及一个针对父亲的独立移动子域名（“爸爸的糖尿病移动建议”，即mDAD）。另外33位父亲参与者对面向父亲的网站原型进行了评估。通过调查获取终端用户的反馈。
探索阶段的参与者对在线糖尿病资源充满热情。他们的偏好包括高质量的设计、可通过手机和平板电脑获取、简短的文本内容辅以多媒体和互动功能、通过短信或电子邮件提醒、得到医学专业人员的认可，以及与科学证据的链接。mDAD子域名获得了较高的可用性和可接受性评分，100%的参与者非常可能或有可能再次使用该网站。
为患有T1D儿童的父亲开发电子健康教育平台在优化糖尿病管理方面仍是一项未得到满足的需求。本研究将父亲们的反馈纳入了一套在线糖尿病教育资源的开发中。这些研究结果将作为未来研究的基础，以评估该网站、其面向父亲的子域名以及面向特定人群的其他子域名的临床疗效。
