Rawson Helen C
Museum Collections Unit, University of St Andrews, 87 North Street, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AE, UK.
Notes Rec R Soc Lond. 2015 Jun 20;69(2):109-133. doi: 10.1098/rsnr.2014.0026. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
James Gregory, inventor of the reflecting telescope and Fellow of the Royal Society, was the first Regius Professor of Mathematics of the University of St Andrews, 1668-74. He attempted to establish in St Andrews what would, if completed, have been the first purpose-built observatory in the British Isles. He travelled to London in 1673 to purchase instruments for equipping the observatory and improving the teaching and study of natural philosophy and mathematics in the university, seeking the advice of John Flamsteed, later the first Astronomer Royal. This paper considers the observatory initiative and the early acquisition of instruments at the University of St Andrews, with reference to Gregory's correspondence, inventories made 1699- 1718 and extant instruments themselves, some of which predate Gregory's time. It examines the structure and fate of the university observatory, the legacy of Gregory's teaching and endeavours, and the meridian line laid down in 1748 in the University Library.
反射望远镜的发明者、皇家学会会员詹姆斯·格雷戈里，于1668年至1674年担任圣安德鲁斯大学首任数学钦定教授。他试图在圣安德鲁斯建立一座天文台，如果建成，这将是不列颠群岛上第一座专门建造的天文台。1673年，他前往伦敦购买仪器，以装备天文台并改善大学中自然哲学和数学的教学与研究，还向后来成为首任皇家天文学家的约翰·弗拉姆斯蒂德寻求建议。本文参考格雷戈里的书信、1699年至1718年编制的清单以及现存的仪器本身（其中一些早于格雷戈里时代），探讨了圣安德鲁斯大学的天文台计划以及早期仪器购置情况。它考察了大学天文台的结构与命运、格雷戈里教学与努力的遗产，以及1748年在大学图书馆铺设的子午线。
