Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Drive, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Drive, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008-8071, USA.
J Community Health. 2020 Feb;45(1):48-54. doi: 10.1007/s10900-019-00719-5.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States. Despite numerous studies proving the safety and efficacy of the HPV vaccine, immunization rates remain low, especially among underserved populations. To identify factors contributing to low HPV vaccination rates, patients at a federally qualified health center in Kalamazoo MI were surveyed. Surveys were administered during routine patient visits to determine self-reported vaccination status and vaccination barriers. A total of 98 vaccine-eligible (males/females, ages 9-26 years old) patients/guardians completed the survey. In all, 46% of respondents completed the multi-dose vaccination course, and 56% of those identified as female. White patients reported higher vaccination rates (50%) than patients of color (45%). Of those vaccinated, the most common reason was "physician recommendation" (39%). Those not fully vaccinated most commonly reported being "too young" (39%). Importantly, individuals who had begun, but not completed, the vaccination course reported that their provider had not spoken to them about future vaccines in the series (74%). This study revealed disparities in vaccination rates between the sexes and racial groups, and emphasized the influential role of physician's recommendation on vaccination. Interestingly, other frequently cited barriers to vaccination-an association with sex, personal/religious beliefs, efficacy-proved to be insignificant barriers for this population. Instead, age-related misunderstandings and lack of consistent physician communication about vaccination provided significant barriers. Based on our results, education and reminders about the HPV vaccine by providers is a significant tool to maximize vaccination coverage.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是美国最常见的性传播感染（STI）。尽管有大量研究证明 HPV 疫苗的安全性和有效性，但免疫接种率仍然很低，尤其是在服务不足的人群中。为了确定导致 HPV 疫苗接种率低的因素，密歇根州卡拉马祖的一家联邦合格的健康中心对患者进行了调查。在常规患者就诊期间进行了调查，以确定自我报告的疫苗接种状况和疫苗接种障碍。共有 98 名符合疫苗接种条件的（男/女，9-26 岁）患者/监护人完成了调查。总共有 46%的受访者完成了多剂量疫苗接种疗程，其中 56%是女性。白人患者的疫苗接种率（50%）高于有色人种患者（45%）。在已接种疫苗的人群中，最常见的原因是“医生建议”（39%）。那些未完全接种疫苗的人最常报告的原因是“太年轻”（39%）。重要的是，那些已经开始但尚未完成疫苗接种疗程的人报告说，他们的医生没有与他们讨论过系列疫苗中的未来疫苗（74%）。这项研究揭示了性别和种族群体之间疫苗接种率的差异，并强调了医生建议对疫苗接种的重要影响。有趣的是，其他经常被引用的疫苗接种障碍——与性、个人/宗教信仰、疗效有关——被证明对这一人群不是障碍。相反，与年龄相关的误解以及医生在疫苗接种方面缺乏一致沟通是显著障碍。根据我们的研究结果，提供者提供关于 HPV 疫苗的教育和提醒是最大限度地提高疫苗接种覆盖率的重要工具。
