Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Uppsala Clinical Research Center, UCR, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 9;9(1):11578. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48055-x.
Today we lack knowledge if size at birth and gestational age interact regarding postnatal growth pattern in children born at 32 gestational weeks or later. This population-based cohort study comprised 41,669 children born in gestational weeks 32-40 in Uppsala County, Sweden, between 2000 and 2015. We applied a generalized least squares model including anthropometric measurements at 1.5, 3, 4 and 5 years. We calculated estimated mean height, weight and BMI for children born in week 32 + 0, 35 + 0 or 40 + 0 with birthweight 50 percentile (standardized appropriate for gestational age, sAGA) or 3 percentile (standardized small for gestational age, sSGA). Compared with children born sAGA at gestational week 40 + 0, those born sAGA week 32 + 0 or 35 + 0 had comparable estimated mean height, weight and BMI after 3 years of age. Making the same comparison, those born sSGA week 32 + 0 or 35 + 0 were shorter and lighter with lower estimated mean BMI throughout the whole follow-up period. Our findings suggest that being born SGA and moderate preterm is associated with short stature and low BMI during the first five years of life. The association seemed stronger the shorter gestational age at birth.
目前，我们还不清楚在孕 32 周或以上出生的婴儿中，出生时的体重和胎龄大小是否会对其出生后的生长模式产生影响。本项基于人群的队列研究纳入了 2000 年至 2015 年在瑞典乌普萨拉县孕 32-40 周出生的 41669 名婴儿。我们采用广义最小二乘法模型，纳入了婴儿 1.5、3、4 和 5 岁时的人体测量学指标。我们计算了出生体重位于第 50 百分位（标准化胎龄适当，sAGA）或第 3 百分位（sSGA）的孕 32+0 周、35+0 周或 40+0 周出生的婴儿的估计平均身高、体重和 BMI。与孕 40+0 周出生且 sAGA 的婴儿相比，孕 32+0 周或 35+0 周出生且 sAGA 的婴儿在 3 岁以后的估计平均身高、体重和 BMI 相似。相比之下，孕 32+0 周或 35+0 周出生且 sSGA 的婴儿在整个随访期间身高更矮、体重更轻，且 BMI 估计值也更低。研究结果表明，SGA 且中度早产与婴儿生命最初 5 年期间的身材矮小和低 BMI 有关。这种关联在出生时胎龄越短时似乎越强。
