Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Park-Klinik Weissensee, 13086, Berlin, Germany.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2019 Oct 1;496:110532. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110532. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
Adropin is a protein encoded by Energy Homeostasis Associated (Enho) gene which is expressed mainly in the liver and brain. There is evidence that biological effects of adropin are mediated via GPR19 activation. Animal studies showed that adropin modulates adiposity as well as lipid and glucose homeostasis. Adropin deficient animals have a phenotype closely resembling that of human metabolic syndrome with are obesity dyslipidemia and impaired glucose production. Animals treated with exogenous adropin lose weight, in addition to having reduced expression of lipogenic genes in the liver and fat tissue. While it was shown that adropin may contribute to energy homeostasis and body weight regulation, the role of this protein in controlling fat tissue formation is largely unknown. Thus, in the present study we investigated the effects of adropin on adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary preadipocytes. We found a low Enho mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary preadipocytes. Adropin stimulated proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary preadipocytes. Stimulation of 3T3-L1 cell proliferation was mediated via ERK1/2 and AKT. Adropin reduced lipid accumulation as well as expression of proadipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 cells and rat preadipocytes, suggesting that this protein attenuates differentiation of preadipocytes into mature fat cells. In summary, these results show that adropin modulates proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes.
分泌素是一种由能量平衡相关（Enho）基因编码的蛋白质，主要在肝脏和大脑中表达。有证据表明，分泌素的生物学效应是通过 GPR19 激活介导的。动物研究表明，分泌素调节脂肪含量以及脂质和葡萄糖代谢。缺乏分泌素的动物表现出与人类代谢综合征非常相似的表型，包括肥胖、血脂异常和葡萄糖生成受损。给予外源性分泌素的动物体重减轻，同时肝脏和脂肪组织中脂肪生成基因的表达减少。虽然已经表明分泌素可能有助于能量平衡和体重调节，但该蛋白质在控制脂肪组织形成中的作用在很大程度上尚不清楚。因此，在本研究中，我们使用 3T3-L1 细胞和大鼠原代前体脂肪细胞研究了分泌素对脂肪生成的影响。我们发现 3T3-L1 细胞和大鼠原代前体脂肪细胞中的 Enho mRNA 表达水平较低。分泌素刺激 3T3-L1 细胞和大鼠原代前体脂肪细胞的增殖。刺激 3T3-L1 细胞增殖是通过 ERK1/2 和 AKT 介导的。分泌素减少 3T3-L1 细胞和大鼠前体脂肪细胞中的脂质积累和前脂肪生成基因的表达，表明该蛋白质可减弱前体脂肪细胞向成熟脂肪细胞的分化。总之，这些结果表明分泌素调节前体脂肪细胞的增殖和分化。
