Section for Cardioimmunology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
University Clinic for Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Hamostaseologie. 2018 Nov;38(4):186-202. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1669450. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Platelets are known to be central regulators of haemostasis, inflammation and immune response. Formed by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and the lungs, platelets express a broad range of adhesion receptors cytokines and platelet microparticles which enable them to interact with both immune cells and pathogens. In bacterial and viral infections, thrombophilia and thrombocytopenia are commonly seen symptoms, indicating the close relationship between haemostasis and immune defence. Indeed, platelets contribute both directly and via immune mediation to pathogen clearance. In sterile inflammation, a pathogen-free process which is often triggered by cell necrosis and autoimmune reactions, platelets are also of central importance. Recently, platelet inflammasome has been extensively studied in this context. Both sterile inflammation and infection are affected by the interactions of platelets and innate immunity, notably the complement system. Although the general elements of this interplay have been known for long, more and more insights into disease-specific mechanisms could be gained recently. This review gives an outline of the current findings in the field of platelet-immune cell interactions and points out possible implications for clinical therapy.
血小板是众所周知的止血、炎症和免疫反应的中心调节者。它们由骨髓和肺部中的巨核细胞形成，表达广泛的粘附受体、细胞因子和血小板微粒，使它们能够与免疫细胞和病原体相互作用。在细菌和病毒感染中，血栓形成倾向和血小板减少症是常见的症状，表明止血和免疫防御之间的密切关系。事实上，血小板通过直接和免疫介导的方式有助于清除病原体。在无菌性炎症中，一种无病原体的过程，通常由细胞坏死和自身免疫反应引发，血小板也具有重要作用。最近，血小板炎性小体在这方面得到了广泛的研究。无菌性炎症和感染都受到血小板和先天免疫的相互作用的影响，特别是补体系统。尽管这种相互作用的一般要素已经为人所知很长时间了，但最近越来越多的关于特定疾病机制的见解得以获得。这篇综述概述了血小板-免疫细胞相互作用领域的当前发现，并指出了对临床治疗的可能影响。
