Anthony Winston E, Carr Rhiannon R, DeLorenzo Drew M, Campbell Tayte P, Shang Zeyu, Foston Marcus, Moon Tae Seok, Dantas Gautam
1The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA.
2Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Aug 5;12:192. doi: 10.1186/s13068-019-1535-3. eCollection 2019.
The current extraction and use of fossil fuels has been linked to extensive negative health and environmental outcomes. Lignocellulosic biomass-derived biofuels and bioproducts are being actively considered as renewable alternatives to the fuels, chemicals, and materials produced from fossil fuels. A major challenge limiting large-scale, economic deployment of second-generation biorefineries is the insufficient product yield, diversity, and value that current conversion technologies can extract from lignocellulose, in particular from the underutilized lignin fraction. PD630 is an oleaginous gram-positive bacterium with innate catabolic pathways and tolerance mechanisms for the inhibitory aromatic compounds found in depolymerized lignin, as well as native or engineered pathways for hexose and pentose sugars found in the carbohydrate fractions of biomass. As a result, holds potential as a biological chassis for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biodiesel precursors and other value-added products. This review begins by examining the important role that lignin utilization will play in the future of biorefineries and by providing a concise survey of the current lignin conversion technologies. The genetic machinery and capabilities of that allow the bacterium to tolerate and metabolize aromatic compounds and depolymerized lignin are also discussed, along with a synopsis of the genetic toolbox and synthetic biology methods now available for engineering this organism. Finally, we summarize the different feedstocks that has been demonstrated to consume, and the high-value products that it has been shown to produce. Engineered will enable lignin valorization over the coming years, leading to cost-effective conversion of lignocellulose into fuels, chemicals, and materials.
目前化石燃料的开采和使用已与广泛的负面健康和环境后果相关联。木质纤维素生物质衍生的生物燃料和生物产品正被积极视为化石燃料生产的燃料、化学品和材料的可再生替代品。限制第二代生物精炼厂大规模经济部署的一个主要挑战是当前转化技术从木质纤维素（特别是未充分利用的木质素部分）中提取的产品产量、多样性和价值不足。PD630是一种产油革兰氏阳性菌，具有对解聚木质素中发现的抑制性芳香化合物的固有分解代谢途径和耐受机制，以及对生物质碳水化合物部分中发现的己糖和戊糖的天然或工程途径。因此，它有潜力作为一种生物底盘，将木质纤维素生物质转化为生物柴油前体和其他增值产品。本综述首先考察木质素利用在未来生物精炼厂中将发挥的重要作用，并简要概述当前的木质素转化技术。还讨论了使该细菌能够耐受和代谢芳香化合物和解聚木质素的遗传机制和能力，以及目前可用于对该生物体进行工程改造的遗传工具箱和合成生物学方法的概述。最后，我们总结了已证明PD630能够消耗的不同原料，以及已证明它能产生的高价值产品。经过工程改造的PD630将在未来几年实现木质素的增值，从而实现将木质纤维素经济高效地转化为燃料、化学品和材料。
