Ang Jann Catherine, Wang Biao, Wang Joanne J F, Zeng Peter Yu Fan, Krammer Florian, Ward Brian J, Russell Margaret L, Loeb Mark, Miller Matthew S
Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
Vaccines (Basel). 2019 Aug 12;7(3):87. doi: 10.3390/vaccines7030087.
Both inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) and live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) have been recommended for administration to children. Children are a high-risk group for severe influenza, and a major source of transmission. Therefore, prevention of infection by vaccination is particularly important. However, efficacy and immunogenicity of these vaccines are known to vary by season and geographic location. We compared the immunogenicity of the 2014-2015 Northern Hemisphere trivalent IIV and LAIV against influenza A virus in Canadian Hutterite children aged 2 to 17 using hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure hemagglutinin-specific serum IgA and mucosal IgA. Both vaccine formulations induced significant increases in HAI titers against H1N1 and H3N2 vaccine strains. Serum IgA titers against H3N2 were significantly boosted by both IIV and LAIV, while only IIV induced a significant increase in serum IgA specific to the H1N1 vaccine strain. While HAI titers correlated with protection conferred by IIV, mucosal IgA titers correlated with protection conferred by LAIV (mucosal IgA titers could not be established as a correlate for IIV due to sample size limitations). IIV and LAIV were previously reported to be equally efficacious in this cohort, although the immunogenicity of IIV was generally superior.
灭活流感疫苗（IIV）和减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV）均被推荐用于儿童接种。儿童是患重症流感的高危人群，也是主要的传播源。因此，通过接种疫苗预防感染尤为重要。然而，已知这些疫苗的有效性和免疫原性会因季节和地理位置而异。我们使用血凝抑制（HAI）试验以及酶联免疫吸附试验来检测血凝素特异性血清IgA和粘膜IgA，比较了2014 - 2015年北半球三价IIV和LAIV对2至17岁加拿大哈特派儿童甲型流感病毒的免疫原性。两种疫苗制剂均使针对H1N1和H3N2疫苗株的HAI滴度显著升高。IIV和LAIV均显著提高了针对H3N2的血清IgA滴度，而只有IIV使针对H1N1疫苗株的血清IgA显著增加。虽然HAI滴度与IIV提供的保护相关，但粘膜IgA滴度与LAIV提供的保护相关（由于样本量限制，粘膜IgA滴度无法确定为IIV的相关指标）。此前报道IIV和LAIV在该队列中疗效相当，尽管IIV的免疫原性总体上更优。
