Department of Nursing of University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 13;9(1):11763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47881-3.
Parity is associated with the incidence of problems in pregnancy, delivery and the puerperium. The influence of parity in the postpartum period has been poorly studied and the results are incongruous. The objective of this study was to identify the association between parity and the existence of distinct discomfort and problems during the postpartum period. Cross-sectional study with puerperal women in Spain. Data was collected on demographic and obstetric variables and maternal manifestations of discomfort and problems during the postpartum period. An ad hoc online questionnaire was used. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. 1503 primiparous and 1487 multiparous participated in the study. 53.4% (803) of the primiparous women affirmed to have feelings of sadness, as opposed to 36.2% (539) of multiparous women (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.35-1.89). 48.3% (726) of primiparous had lactation problems vs 24.7% (367) of multiparous (aOR: 2.46; 95% CI: 2.05-2.94). 37.2% (559) of primiparous reported anxiety, while the percentage in multiparous was 25.7% (382) (aOR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.12-1.61). 22.2% (333) of primiparous had depressive symptoms, and 11.6% (172) of multiparous (aOR: 1.65; CI 95%: 1.31-2.06). Faecal incontinence was more present in primiparous than in multiparous, 6.5% (97) and 3.3% (49) respectively (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.07-2.38). Parity is associated with the presence of certain problems in the postpartum period. Thus, primiparous are more likely to have lactation problems, depressive symptoms, anxiety, sadness, and faecal incontinence.
产次与妊娠、分娩和产褥期问题的发生有关。产次对产后影响的研究较少，结果不一致。本研究的目的是确定产次与产后不同不适和问题的存在之间的关系。这是一项在西班牙进行的产后妇女的横断面研究。收集了人口统计学和产科变量以及产妇在产后期间的不适和问题表现的数据。使用专门的在线问卷。通过条件逻辑回归估计粗比值比（OR）和调整比值比（aOR）及 95%置信区间（CI）。共有 1503 名初产妇和 1487 名经产妇参加了这项研究。53.4%（803 名）的初产妇表示有悲伤感，而 36.2%（539 名）的经产妇有悲伤感（aOR：1.60；95%CI：1.35-1.89）。48.3%（726 名）的初产妇有哺乳问题，而 24.7%（367 名）的经产妇有哺乳问题（aOR：2.46；95%CI：2.05-2.94）。37.2%（559 名）的初产妇报告有焦虑，而经产妇的这一比例为 25.7%（382 名）（aOR：1.34；95%CI：1.12-1.61）。22.2%（333 名）的初产妇有抑郁症状，而 11.6%（172 名）的经产妇有抑郁症状（aOR：1.65；95%CI：1.31-2.06）。初产妇比经产妇更易发生粪便失禁，分别为 6.5%（97 名）和 3.3%（49 名）（aOR：1.60；95%CI：1.07-2.38）。产次与产后某些问题的发生有关。因此，初产妇更有可能出现哺乳问题、抑郁症状、焦虑、悲伤和粪便失禁。
