Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Tissue Eng Part A. 2019 Oct;25(19-20):1341-1346. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2019.0208. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
Cells are inherently conferred with the ability to self-organize into the tissues and organs comprising the human body. Self-organization can be recapitulated and recent advances in the organoid field are just one example of how we can generate small functioning elements of organs. Tissue engineers can benefit from the power of self-organization and should consider how they can harness and enhance the process with their constructs. For example, aggregates of stem cells and tissue-specific cells benefit from the input of carefully selected biomolecules to guide their differentiation toward a mature phenotype. This can be further enhanced by the use of technologies to provide a physiological microenvironment for self-organization, enhance the size of the constructs, and enable the long-term culture of self-organized structures. Of importance, conducting self-organization should be limited to fine-tuning and should avoid over-engineering that could counteract the power of inherent cellular self-organization. Impact Statement Self-organization is a powerful innate feature of cells that can be fine-tuned but not over-engineered to create new tissues and organs.
细胞天生就具有自我组织成构成人体的组织和器官的能力。自我组织可以被再现,类器官领域的最新进展就是我们如何能够产生器官的小功能元件的一个例子。组织工程师可以从自我组织的力量中受益,应该考虑如何利用和增强他们的构建体中的这个过程。例如,干细胞和组织特异性细胞的聚集体受益于精心选择的生物分子的输入,以指导它们向成熟表型分化。通过使用提供生理微环境以促进自我组织、增加构建体的大小以及实现自我组织结构的长期培养的技术,可以进一步增强这种作用。重要的是,进行自我组织应该仅限于微调,并且应该避免过度工程化,因为这可能会抵消细胞固有自我组织的力量。