台湾地区早期和延迟戒烟者的比较及其对长期戒烟的影响。
Comparisons of early and delayed abstainers and its effects on long-term smoking cessation in Taiwan.
机构信息
The Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No.92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist, Taipei City, 104, Taiwan.
Wanrong Township Public Health Center, Hualien County, Taiwan.
出版信息
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2019 Aug 14;14(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s13011-019-0218-1.
BACKGROUND
Different quitting trajectories may reflect the stages of behavior change among smokers. The nature of quitting patterns could help the public health sector to design appropriate cessation plans. This study compared demographic, health, and behavioral characteristics and the effects of long-term abstinence between early and delayed abstainers.
METHODS
We retrospectively sampled 142 abstainers from smoking cessation clinic participants for a study conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2017. Baseline information was obtained at the first clinic visit, and phone interviews were conducted 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months later. The 7-day point prevalence abstinence was employed for measuring their quitting status. We defined early abstainers as those who attained abstinence by second week and delayed abstainers as those who had done so by the third month. We compared their characteristics and 6-month quit rates and examined potential predictors between the two quitting patterns.
RESULTS
One hundred forty-two participants were included with 87 (61.3%) early abstainers and 55 (38.7%) delayed abstainers. Early abstainers were older with more comorbidities, presenting longer smoking duration, higher exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) concentration and Fagerstrom Test of Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) scores. The 6-month abstinence rate was high for both quitting patterns with no significant difference (83.9% versus 81.8%, p = 0.7462). Higher FTCD scores and exhaled CO concentration were potential predictors for early abstainers with adjusted odds ratio 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.33) and 1.04 (95% CI, 1.00-1.08) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results associated early abstainers with older age, more comorbidities and higher nicotine dependence. Both groups achieved good long-term abstinence maintenance. Although early abstainers may achieve earlier reduction of health risks, smokers could still benefit from long-term abstinence if they can manage to quit smoking even at later phases of cessation courses.
背景
不同的戒烟轨迹可能反映了吸烟者行为改变的阶段。戒烟模式的性质可以帮助公共卫生部门设计适当的戒烟计划。本研究比较了早戒者和迟戒者的人口统计学、健康和行为特征，以及长期戒烟的效果。
方法
我们回顾性地从 2017 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日参加戒烟诊所的 142 名戒烟者中抽取样本进行研究。在第一次就诊时获得基线信息，并在 2 周、3 个月和 6 个月后进行电话访谈。采用 7 天点患病率来衡量他们的戒烟状态。我们将早戒者定义为在第二周达到戒烟的人，将迟戒者定义为在第三个月达到戒烟的人。我们比较了他们的特征和 6 个月的戒烟率，并检查了两种戒烟模式之间的潜在预测因素。
结果
共纳入 142 名参与者，其中 87 名（61.3%）为早戒者，55 名（38.7%）为迟戒者。早戒者年龄较大，合并症较多，吸烟时间较长，呼出的一氧化碳（CO）浓度和 Fagerstrom 吸烟依赖量表（FTCD）评分较高。两种戒烟模式的 6 个月戒烟率均较高，差异无统计学意义（83.9%与 81.8%，p=0.7462）。较高的 FTCD 评分和呼出的 CO 浓度是早戒者的潜在预测因素，调整后的优势比分别为 1.16（95%置信区间 [CI]，1.01-1.33）和 1.04（95% CI，1.00-1.08）。
结论
我们的结果表明，早戒者与年龄较大、合并症较多和尼古丁依赖程度较高有关。两组均实现了良好的长期戒烟维持。尽管早戒者可能更早降低健康风险，但如果吸烟者能够在戒烟过程的后期成功戒烟，他们仍然可以从长期戒烟中受益。
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