Southward Matthew W, Heiy Jane E, Cheavens Jennifer S
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, 43210.
VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA, 97239.
J Soc Clin Psychol. 2019 Jun;38(6):451-474. doi: 10.1521/jscp.2019.38.6.451.
Researchers have examined how several contexts impact the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies. However, few have considered the emotion-to-be-regulated as a context of interest. Specific emotions are important contexts because they may require particular responses to internal and external stimuli for optimal regulation. Ninety-two undergraduates completed 10 days of ecological momentary assessment, reporting their current mood, recent emotions, and emotion regulation strategies three times per day. The frequency with which certain emotion regulation strategies were used (i.e., acceptance, positive refocusing, reappraisal, problem-solving, and other-blame) differed by the specific emotion experienced. Acceptance and positive refocusing were associated with better mood regardless of emotion, while substance use was associated with worse mood regardless of emotion. Reappraisal was associated with better mood in response to anger than anxiety or sadness, while emotional suppression and other-blame were associated with worse mood in response to anger. These results suggest some emotion regulation strategies exhibit emotion-invariant effects while others depend on the emotion-to-be-regulated.
研究人员已经考察了多种情境如何影响情绪调节策略的有效性。然而，很少有人将待调节的情绪视为一个感兴趣的情境。特定情绪是重要的情境，因为它们可能需要对内部和外部刺激做出特定反应以实现最佳调节。92名本科生完成了为期10天的生态瞬时评估，每天报告三次他们当前的情绪、近期的情绪以及情绪调节策略。某些情绪调节策略（即接受、积极重新聚焦、重新评价、解决问题和责备他人）的使用频率因所经历的特定情绪而异。无论情绪如何，接受和积极重新聚焦都与更好的情绪相关，而物质使用无论情绪如何都与更差的情绪相关。与焦虑或悲伤相比，重新评价在应对愤怒时与更好的情绪相关，而情绪抑制和责备他人在应对愤怒时与更差的情绪相关。这些结果表明，一些情绪调节策略表现出情绪不变的效果，而另一些则取决于待调节的情绪。
