Sokolov A V, Kostin N N, Ovchinnikova L A, Lomakin Y A, Kudriaeva A A
M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16 /10, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
Acta Naturae. 2019 Apr-Jun;11(2):28-41. doi: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-2-28-41.
The possibility of targeted drug delivery to a specific tissue, organ, or cell has opened new promising avenues in treatment development. The technology of targeted delivery aims to create multifunctional carriers that are capable of long circulation in the patient's organism and possess low toxicity at the same time. The surface of modern synthetic carriers has high structural similarity to the cell membrane, which, when combined with additional modifications, also promotes the transfer of biological properties in order to penetrate physiological barriers effectively. Along with artificial nanocages, further efforts have recently been devoted to research into extracellular vesicles that could serve as natural drug delivery vehicles. This review provides a detailed description of targeted delivery systems that employ lipid and lipid-like nanocages, as well as extracellular vesicles with a high level of biocompatibility, highlighting genetically encoded drug delivery vehicles.
将靶向药物递送至特定组织、器官或细胞的可能性为治疗发展开辟了新的、充满希望的途径。靶向递送技术旨在创造能够在患者体内长时间循环且同时具有低毒性的多功能载体。现代合成载体的表面与细胞膜具有高度的结构相似性，再结合额外的修饰，还能促进生物学特性的传递，从而有效穿透生理屏障。除了人工纳米笼，最近还进一步致力于研究可作为天然药物递送载体的细胞外囊泡。本综述详细描述了使用脂质和类脂质纳米笼以及具有高度生物相容性的细胞外囊泡的靶向递送系统，重点介绍了基因编码的药物递送载体。
