Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergology, Erasmus Medical Center, Room Gk 323, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Pediatr. 2019 Oct;178(10):1507-1517. doi: 10.1007/s00431-019-03441-5. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
The prevalence of allergic diseases in children is markedly increasing to epidemic proportions. The aim of this study is to describe the presence and examine associated parental and child characteristics of allergic sensitization and physician-diagnosed allergy in Dutch children at age 10 years. This study among 5471 children was performed in a population-based prospective cohort from fetal life onwards. Allergic sensitization was measured by skin prick tests. Physician-diagnosed allergy and parental and child characteristics were collected by questionnaires. In children aged 10 years, inhalant and food allergic sensitization was present in 32.2% and 7.1%, and physician-diagnosed inhalant and food allergy in 12.4% and 2.3%. Maternal and paternal history of allergy, eczema or asthma was associated with increased risks of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (aOR (95% CI) 1.44 (1.23-1.70) and 1.59 (1.30-1.94), respectively), but not with food allergy. Asthma and eczema ever at age 10 years were associated with increased risks of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy (4.60 (3.55-5.96) and 2.42 (1.94-3.03), respectively). Eczema ever at age 10 years was associated with an increased risk of physician-diagnosed food allergy (5.78, 3.04-9.52), with the highest risk of cashew (7.36, 3.20-16.94) and peanut (5.58, 3.08-10.10) food allergy.Conclusions: We found strong effects of parental history of allergy, eczema or asthma on the presence of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy in children at age 10 years. Eczema ever at age 10 years was a strong risk factor for the development of physician-diagnosed inhalant and food allergy. What is Known: • The prevalence of allergic diseases in children has markedly increased. • Early-life influences are critically important in the development of allergic diseases. What is New: • Maternal and paternal history of allergy, eczema or asthma is associated with increased risks of physician-diagnosed inhalant allergy but not with food allergy. • Eczema ever at age 10 years is associated with an increased risk of physician-diagnosed food allergy, with the highest risk for cashew and peanut food allergy.
儿童过敏疾病的患病率明显呈上升趋势，已达到流行程度。本研究旨在描述荷兰 10 岁儿童过敏致敏和医生诊断过敏的存在情况，并探讨相关的父母和儿童特征。这项针对 5471 名儿童的研究是在一个基于人群的前瞻性队列中从胎儿期开始进行的。通过皮肤点刺试验测量过敏致敏情况。通过问卷调查收集医生诊断的过敏和父母及儿童特征。在 10 岁儿童中，吸入性和食物过敏致敏分别为 32.2%和 7.1%，医生诊断的吸入性和食物过敏分别为 12.4%和 2.3%。父母过敏、湿疹或哮喘史与医生诊断的吸入性过敏风险增加相关（比值比[95%置信区间]为 1.44[1.23-1.70]和 1.59[1.30-1.94]），但与食物过敏无关。10 岁时曾患哮喘或湿疹与医生诊断的吸入性过敏风险增加相关（分别为 4.60[3.55-5.96]和 2.42[1.94-3.03]）。10 岁时曾患湿疹与医生诊断的食物过敏风险增加相关（5.78，3.04-9.52），其中腰果（7.36，3.20-16.94）和花生（5.58，3.08-10.10）食物过敏的风险最高。结论：我们发现父母过敏、湿疹或哮喘史对儿童 10 岁时医生诊断的吸入性过敏存在有很强的影响。10 岁时曾患湿疹是医生诊断的吸入性和食物过敏的一个很强的危险因素。已知内容：•儿童过敏疾病的患病率显著增加。•生命早期的影响对过敏性疾病的发展至关重要。新内容：•父母过敏、湿疹或哮喘史与医生诊断的吸入性过敏风险增加相关，但与食物过敏无关。•10 岁时曾患湿疹与医生诊断的食物过敏风险增加相关，其中腰果和花生食物过敏的风险最高。
