Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, 35501-296 Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Res Vet Sci. 2019 Oct;126:4-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.08.010. Epub 2019 Aug 8.
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases found in several countries worldwide. Dogs are considered important domestic reservoirs of the parasites, being relevant in the maintenance of transmission cycle of the disease between sandflies and humans. However, the prevalence of asymptomatic infection is considerably higher than that of apparent clinical illness in the infected animals; thus making promptly necessary to diagnose the infection in these animals, which could help to allow to the adoption of more efficient control measures against disease. Parasitological tests, which are considered as gold standard to demonstrate the infection and diagnose the disease, present problems related with their sensitivity. Also, the sample´s collect is considered invasive. As consequence, serological tests could be applied as an additional tool to detect the asymptomatic and symptomatic CanL. For this purpose, distinct recombinant antigens have been studied; however, problems in their sensitivity and/or specificity have been still registered. The present review focus in advances in the identification of new diagnostic targets applied for the CanL diagnose, represented here by recombinant single, combined or chimeric proteins, as well as by peptides that mimic epitopes (mimotopes); which were selected by means of immunoproteomics and phage display.
犬利什曼病（CanL）是世界上许多国家发现的最重要的寄生虫病之一。狗被认为是寄生虫的重要家养宿主，在沙蝇和人类之间的疾病传播循环中具有重要意义。然而，无症状感染的流行率明显高于感染动物的明显临床疾病；因此，及时诊断这些动物的感染非常重要，这有助于采取更有效的疾病控制措施。寄生虫学测试被认为是证明感染和诊断疾病的金标准，但存在与敏感性相关的问题。此外，样本采集被认为是侵入性的。因此，血清学测试可以作为检测无症状和有症状的 CanL 的附加工具。为此，已经研究了不同的重组抗原；然而，它们的敏感性和/或特异性仍然存在问题。本综述重点介绍了鉴定新的诊断靶点在 CanL 诊断中的应用进展，这里提到的新诊断靶点包括重组单、组合或嵌合蛋白，以及模拟表位的肽（模拟肽）；这些都是通过免疫蛋白质组学和噬菌体展示选择的。
