Jafarbeglou Majid, Marjani Mehdi
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2019 Nov;46(6):815-819. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 Jun 8.
To compare the sedative effects of intranasal atomization (IN) of medetomidine with intranasal drops (IN) and intramuscular (IM) injection in healthy dogs.
Prospective, blinded, randomized study.
A group of 18 mixed-breed shelter-owned dogs weighing 27 ± 4.3 kg (mean ± standard deviation).
The dogs were randomly assigned to equal groups of six dogs for administration of medetomidine (40 μg kg) by IN, IN and IM routes. Ease of administration was evaluated using a resistance scale. Composite sedation score (CSS), heart rate (HR) and respiratory frequency (f) were measured immediately before (T0, baseline) and after drug administration at time points 15, 45, 75 and 120 minutes. The time of onset of sedation was recorded. Ease of administration and onset of sedation were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn's tests. Repeated measures analysis of anova and least significant difference tests were used to analyse CSS, HR and f over time. Tukey's post hoc test was used for time point comparisons among groups. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
No differences were detected among groups for ease of administration (p = 0.346). CSS increased in all groups from baseline values. Onset of sedation in IM was 6.3 ± 2.0 minutes, in IN was 7.2 ± 2.5 minutes and in IN was 20.7 ± 5.4 minutes. CSS in IN was lower than in the other groups at T15 and lower than in IN at T45. CSS was not different between IM and IN. HR and f decreased in all groups compared with respective baseline values. HR in IN was lower than in IM at T45-T120.
IN medetomidine (40 μg kg) can be an alternative and noninvasive route to IM injections for sedating healthy dogs. IN resulted in a slow onset of sedation.
比较美托咪定经鼻雾化（IN）、滴鼻（IN）和肌肉注射（IM）对健康犬的镇静效果。
前瞻性、盲法、随机研究。
一组18只混种收容所犬，体重27±4.3千克（平均值±标准差）。
将犬随机分为三组，每组6只，分别经鼻雾化、滴鼻和肌肉注射给予美托咪定（40μg/kg）。使用阻力量表评估给药的难易程度。在给药前（T0，基线）以及给药后15、45、75和120分钟时间点测量综合镇静评分（CSS）、心率（HR）和呼吸频率（f）。记录镇静起效时间。采用Kruskal-Wallis检验和事后Dunn检验分析给药的难易程度和镇静起效情况。使用重复测量方差分析和最小显著差异检验分析CSS、HR和f随时间的变化。采用Tukey事后检验进行组间时间点比较。显著性设定为p<0.05。
各组间给药的难易程度无差异（p = 0.346）。所有组的CSS均较基线值升高。肌肉注射的镇静起效时间为6.3±2.0分钟，滴鼻为7.2±2.5分钟，经鼻雾化则为20.7±5.4分钟。经鼻雾化组在T15时的CSS低于其他组，在T45时低于滴鼻组。肌肉注射组和滴鼻组的CSS无差异。与各自的基线值相比，所有组的HR和f均降低。在T45 - T120时，经鼻雾化组的HR低于肌肉注射组。
经鼻给予美托咪定（40μg/kg）可作为健康犬镇静时替代肌肉注射的一种非侵入性途径。经鼻给药导致镇静起效缓慢。
