Micieli Fabiana, Santangelo Bruna, Reynaud Fabiana, Mirra Alessandro, Napoleone Giusy, Della Valle Giovanni, Portier Karine G, Vesce Giancarlo
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Section of Anaesthesiology, Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2017 Jul;44(4):703-709. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2016.08.009. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
To compare the clinical effects and sedation scores following either intranasal (IN) or intramuscular (IM) administration of dexmedetomidine in dogs.
Prospective, blinded, randomized, clinical study.
A total of 20 client-owned dogs scheduled for noninvasive diagnostic procedures.
Dogs were allocated to be administered dexmedetomidine 0.02 mg kg IN (IN group) or IM (IM group). Sedation was scored before and at 5 minute intervals (for 45 minutes) after drug administration using a composite simple descriptive sedation scale giving a score of 0 (not sedated) to 13 (well sedated). Respiratory frequency (f), heart rate, haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO) and noninvasive arterial blood pressure were recorded every 5 minutes for 45 minutes. Normally distributed data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc Sidak's multiple comparison test. Non-normally distributed data were compared using the Scheier Ray Hare test and post hoc Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Weight, age and sex were not different between groups. Dexmedetomidine onset of action after IN administration was not shorter compared to IM administration (6.3±3.3 versus 9.4±4.6 minutes, p=0.120). Sedation score in the IN group was higher [10 (0-11)] compared to the IM group [6 (0-8)] (p<0.001). At time of peak sedation, heart rate decreased 56% from baseline values in the IM group, and 18% in the IN group. No significant differences in SpO and f were found between the two groups at any time point. No undesirable effects were observed.
Intranasal dexmedetomidine 0.02 mg kg produced effective sedation with less bradycardia and more profound sedation compared to IM administration in healthy dogs and may be considered as an alternative route for dexmedetomidine administration in dogs.
比较鼻腔内（IN）或肌肉注射（IM）右美托咪定在犬类中的临床效果和镇静评分。
前瞻性、盲法、随机临床研究。
总共20只由客户拥有的犬，计划进行非侵入性诊断程序。
将犬分为两组，分别给予0.02mg/kg的右美托咪定进行鼻腔内给药（IN组）或肌肉注射（IM组）。给药前及给药后每隔5分钟（共45分钟）使用综合简单描述性镇静量表对镇静情况进行评分，评分范围为0（未镇静）至13（深度镇静）。每隔5分钟记录呼吸频率（f）、心率、血红蛋白氧饱和度（SpO）和无创动脉血压，共记录45分钟。对正态分布数据采用双向方差分析和事后Sidak多重比较检验进行分析。对非正态分布数据采用Scheier Ray Hare检验和事后Mann-Whitney U检验进行比较。设定统计学显著性为p<0.05。
两组在体重、年龄和性别方面无差异。鼻腔内给药后右美托咪定的起效时间与肌肉注射相比并不更短（分别为6.3±3.3分钟和9.4±4.6分钟，p=0.120）。IN组的镇静评分[10（0 - 11）]高于IM组[6（0 - 8）]（p<0.001）。在镇静峰值时，IM组心率较基线值下降56%，IN组下降18%。两组在任何时间点的SpO和f均无显著差异。未观察到不良影响。
在健康犬中，0.02mg/kg的鼻腔内右美托咪定与肌肉注射相比，能产生有效的镇静效果，心动过缓较少且镇静作用更显著，可被视为犬类右美托咪定给药的一种替代途径。
