State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Orthodontics, Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Oral Dis. 2020 Mar;26(2):473-483. doi: 10.1111/odi.13175. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
This 6-month prospective clinical study assessed the impacts of Invisalign appliances on the oral bacterial community and oral health of patients.
Salivary samples were obtained from twenty-five adult patients receiving Invisalign aligner treatment before the treatment (Group B) and at a 6-month follow-up (Group P). The bacterial composition of each sample was determined using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA. Intra- and intergroup biodiversity was analyzed. Clinical periodontal parameters and daily oral hygiene habits were recorded.
Reduction in plaque, increased daily brushing frequency, and decreased dessert intake were observed in Group P compared with that in Group B. A total of 1,853,952 valid reads were obtained from the 50 salivary samples, with 37,904 sequences per sample. No significant differences were detected in the intra- and intergroup biodiversity comparisons between the two groups. By clustering, 8,885 OTUs were identified and categorized into six major phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Candidate_division_TM7_norank. At the genus level, compared with Group B, Group P demonstrated significantly increased Bacillus abundance and decreased Prevotella abundance.
Our results suggested that the general biodiversity and salivary microbial community structure did not change significantly and that patients had increased beneficial oral hygiene habits and awareness during the first six months of Invisalign treatment. Hence, on the basis of this study, it appears that Invisalign aligner treatment did not induce deterioration of oral health nor significant biodiversity changes in oral bacterial communities, assuming that detailed oral hygiene instructions for both teeth and aligners were provided.
本为期 6 个月的前瞻性临床研究评估了 Invisalign 矫治器对患者口腔细菌群落和口腔健康的影响。
从 25 名接受 Invisalign 矫治器治疗的成年患者中采集唾液样本，分别在治疗前（B 组）和 6 个月随访时（P 组）获得。使用 Illumina MiSeq 对细菌 16S rRNA 进行测序，确定每个样本的细菌组成。分析了组内和组间的生物多样性。记录了临床牙周参数和日常口腔卫生习惯。
与 B 组相比，P 组的菌斑减少，每日刷牙频率增加，甜点摄入量减少。从 50 个唾液样本中获得了 1,853,952 个有效读数，每个样本 37,904 个序列。两组之间的组内和组间生物多样性比较均未发现显著差异。通过聚类，共鉴定出 8,885 个 OTUs，并分为六个主要门：厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、梭杆菌门、放线菌门和候选门_TM7_无 ranks。在属水平上，与 B 组相比，P 组的芽孢杆菌丰度显著增加，而普雷沃氏菌丰度显著降低。
我们的研究结果表明，一般生物多样性和唾液微生物群落结构没有明显变化，在 Invisalign 治疗的前六个月，患者养成了更多有益的口腔卫生习惯和意识。因此，基于本研究，似乎 Invisalign 矫治器治疗不会导致口腔健康恶化，也不会导致口腔细菌群落的生物多样性发生显著变化，前提是为牙齿和矫治器都提供了详细的口腔卫生指导。
