First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 May 13;14:1350181. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1350181. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to explore the effects of removable aligners and fixed appliances on the supragingival bacterial communities in adult female patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Supragingival plaque samples from 48 female individuals underwent microbiome analysis (16S rRNA gene sequencing) using PacBio Sequel sequencing. The study included 13 adults without orthodontic treatment needs as the control group (Group C), and 35 patients with comparable initial orthodontic conditions who received treatment at a university clinic in Beijing, China. The treatment involved either traditional fixed brackets (Group B, n = 17) or Invisalign aligners (Group AT, n = 18). Bioinformatics methods were used for data analysis.
From the 48 plaque samples, a total of 334,961 valid reads were obtained, averaging 6,978 sequences per sample. The 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 25,727 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). Significant variances in alpha and beta diversity among the groups were noted. Group B microbiome exhibited an increased presence of Gram-negative bacteria. At the phylum level, was significantly more prevalent in Group C samples, while was enriched in Group B samples. Family-level relative abundance analysis showed a notable increase in (formerly TM7) and in Group B. Genus-level analysis revealed a significant rise in in Group AT. Fixed orthodontic appliances were linked to oral microbiome changes, notably an enhanced relative abundance of anaerobes, including periodontal pathogens.
The observation points to the impact of orthodontic appliance on the oral microbial community, highlighting the difference between traditional braces (Group B) and clear aligners (Group AT)in terms of the predominance of anaerobic and gram negative bacteria. This emphasizes the importance of considering the microbiological effects when choosing orthodontic appliance and underscores the need for tailored oral hygiene practices for individuals undergoing these treatments. This research might provide insights that could assist in the development of innovative cleaning techniques and antibacterial materials.
本研究旨在探讨固定矫治器和可摘矫治器对接受正畸治疗的成年女性龈上菌群的影响。
采用 PacBio Sequel 测序对 48 名女性的龈上菌斑样本进行微生物组分析（16S rRNA 基因测序）。该研究包括 13 名无正畸治疗需求的成年人作为对照组（C 组），以及 35 名在北京一家大学诊所接受治疗的具有可比初始正畸条件的患者。治疗包括传统固定托槽（B 组，n=17）或隐适美矫治器（A 组，n=18）。使用生物信息学方法进行数据分析。
从 48 个菌斑样本中，共获得 334961 个有效读数，平均每个样本 6978 个序列。16S rDNA 序列被分为 25727 个扩增子序列变异体（ASVs）。组间 alpha 和 beta 多样性存在显著差异。B 组微生物组中革兰氏阴性菌的存在增加。在门水平上，C 组样本中 丰度显著增加，而 B 组样本中 丰富。家族水平相对丰度分析显示，B 组中 （原 TM7）和 显著增加。属水平分析显示，A 组中 显著增加。固定正畸矫治器与口腔微生物组变化有关，特别是牙周病致病菌等厌氧菌的相对丰度增加。
研究结果表明正畸矫治器对口腔微生物群落有影响，突出了传统托槽（B 组）和透明矫治器（A 组）在厌氧菌和革兰氏阴性菌优势方面的差异。这强调了在选择正畸矫治器时考虑微生物学影响的重要性，并突出了针对接受这些治疗的个体进行个体化口腔卫生实践的必要性。本研究可能为开发创新的清洁技术和抗菌材料提供参考。
