National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, and Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC)-Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Dublin, Ireland.
Trends Biotechnol. 2020 Feb;38(2):217-230. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.008. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
The circular RNA renaissance is upon us. Recent reports demonstrate applications of synthetic circular RNA molecules as gene therapies and in the production of biologics from cell-based expression systems. Circular RNAs are covalently closed loop RNA species that are formed naturally through noncolinear splicing of pre-mRNA. Although once thought to be noncoding artefacts from splicing errors, it is now accepted that circular RNAs are abundant and have diverse functions in gene regulation and protein coding in eukaryotes. Numerous reports have investigated circular RNAs in various diseases, but the promise of synthetic circular RNAs in the production of recombinant proteins and as RNA-based therapies is only now coming into focus. This review highlights reported uses of synthetic circular RNAs and describes methods for generating these molecules.
环状 RNA 时代已经到来。最近的报告表明，合成环状 RNA 分子可作为基因治疗药物，并可从基于细胞的表达系统中生产生物制剂。环状 RNA 是通过前体 mRNA 的非共线性剪接而自然形成的共价闭合环 RNA 物种。尽管环状 RNA 曾经被认为是非编码 RNA 剪接错误的产物，但现在人们已经接受了这样的观点，即环状 RNA 在真核生物的基因调控和蛋白编码中具有丰富的多样性和功能。许多研究报告已经在各种疾病中研究了环状 RNA，但合成环状 RNA 在重组蛋白生产和 RNA 治疗方面的应用前景才刚刚开始受到关注。本文综述了报道的合成环状 RNA 的用途，并描述了生成这些分子的方法。
