Osborn R E, Byrd S E, Naidich T P, Bohan T P, Friedman H
Department of Radiology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60614.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1988 Nov-Dec;9(6):1101-6.
Neuronal migrational disorders of the brain represent abnormalities in the formation of the neocortex caused by faulty migration of the subependymal neuroblasts. These migrational anomalies include lissencephaly (agyria/pachygyria), pachygyria, schizencephaly, heterotopias, hemimegalencephaly, and polymicrogyria. We used MR imaging (performed on a 0.5-T or 1.5-T scanner) to evaluate 21 patients who had neuronal migratory anomalies. Four patients had lissencephaly, seven had pachygyria, including one patient with hemimegalencephaly, seven had schizencephaly, and three had heterotopias. All MR scans included T1-weighted spin-echo sequences, and seven also had inversion-recovery sequences. The cortical surface, cortex, and gray-white matter interface were well evaluated with both sequences; however, the inversion-recovery images were superior. All but two patients were imaged in both the axial and coronal planes: both projections demonstrated well the migrational abnormalities. MR is an excellent method for diagnosing the migrational anomalies of lissencephaly, pachygyria, schizencephaly, heterotopias, and hemimegalencephaly; it appears to be the imaging method of choice for evaluating these disorders.
脑神经元迁移障碍表现为室管膜下神经母细胞迁移异常导致的新皮质形成异常。这些迁移异常包括无脑回畸形（无脑回/巨脑回）、巨脑回、脑裂畸形、异位症、半侧巨脑畸形和多小脑回畸形。我们使用磁共振成像（在0.5-T或1.5-T扫描仪上进行）对21例有神经元迁移异常的患者进行评估。4例为无脑回畸形，7例为巨脑回，其中1例伴有半侧巨脑畸形，7例为脑裂畸形，3例为异位症。所有磁共振扫描均包括T1加权自旋回波序列，7例还进行了反转恢复序列扫描。两种序列对皮质表面、皮质及灰白质界面均能很好地评估；然而，反转恢复图像更具优势。除2例患者外，其余均进行了轴位和冠状位成像：两种投照方式均能很好地显示迁移异常。磁共振成像（MR）是诊断无脑回畸形、巨脑回、脑裂畸形、异位症和半侧巨脑畸形迁移异常的极佳方法；它似乎是评估这些疾病的首选成像方法。
