Department of Preventive Medicine (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5641-9562 [J.C.]), University of Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa 11.735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile.
Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa 11.735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820000, Chile.
J Food Prot. 2019 Sep;82(9):1583-1590. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-044.
The presence of antimicrobial and pesticide residues in products sourced from peasant family farms selected from eight regions of Chile was determined. A total of 204 samples were analyzed from family farm products, including honey, lettuce, tomato, strawberry, raspberry, lamb meat, and cow's milk. Pesticide residues were found in 43 of 107 samples tested for them, but only 4 samples had concentrations that exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by Chilean regulations. As for animal products, 2 of 15 cow's milk samples tested positive for permethrin residues; however, these concentrations did not exceed Chilean MRLs. No pesticide residues were detected in honey samples. As for antimicrobial drugs, 4 of 14 lamb meat samples and 11 of 79 cow's milk samples tested positive for different classes of antimicrobial residues, such as tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams. Among these, only three samples exceeded the MRLs for these matrices. Traces of tetracyclines and sulfonamides were detected in 7 of 29 honey samples. These findings show that these chemical contaminants are present in trace concentrations in foodstuffs produced by peasant family farms in Chile; however, most residues did not exceed the regulatory limits. This study is the first assessment of the presence of residues from antimicrobial drugs and pesticides in food products sourced from peasant family farms in Chile. Data about the current state of drug residues in this segment of food products provide a baseline for efforts to close possible gaps in current surveillance schemes.
本研究旨在检测智利 8 个地区的农民家庭农场生产的产品中是否存在抗微生物和农药残留。共对 204 个家庭农场产品样本（包括蜂蜜、生菜、番茄、草莓、覆盆子、羊肉和牛奶）进行了分析。在检测到的 107 个样本中有 43 个残留有农药，但只有 4 个样本的浓度超过了智利法规规定的最大残留限量（MRLs）。对于动物产品，15 个牛奶样本中有 2 个检测到氯菊酯残留，但这些浓度未超过智利 MRLs。蜂蜜样本中未检测到农药残留。在检测到的 14 个羊肉样本和 79 个牛奶样本中有 4 个和 11 个分别残留有不同类别的抗微生物药物残留，如四环素类、大环内酯类、氨基糖苷类和β-内酰胺类。其中，只有 3 个样本超过了这些基质的 MRLs。在 29 个蜂蜜样本中有 7 个检测到四环素和磺胺类药物的痕迹。这些发现表明，这些化学污染物在智利农民家庭农场生产的食品中以痕量浓度存在；但大多数残留并未超过监管限量。本研究是首次评估智利农民家庭农场生产的食品中抗微生物药物和农药残留的情况。关于该类食品中药物残留现状的数据为努力缩小当前监测计划中可能存在的差距提供了基线。
