School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Food Funct. 2019 Sep 1;10(9):5669-5681. doi: 10.1039/c9fo01232j. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
Sea buckthorn seed oil (SBSO) has been used as a functional food in the prevention of heart diseases. The present study investigates the effects of SBSO on blood cholesterol and the gut microbiota in hypercholesterolemia hamsters. Four groups of hamsters (n = 8 each) were given one of four diets, namely a non-cholesterol control diet (NCD), a high-cholesterol control diet (HCD) containing 0.1% cholesterol, and an HCD diet with sea buckthorn seed oil replacing 50% lard (SL) or replacing 100% lard (SH). Feeding SL and SH diets could reduce blood total cholesterol by 20-22%. This was accompanied by the down-regulation of the gene expression of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), microsomal triacylglycerol transport protein (MTP), and ATP-binding cassette transporter8 (ABCG8). SBSO supplementation also increased the production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids and fecal outputs of neutral sterols. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that feeding SL and SH diets could favorably modulate the relative abundance of Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Ruminococcaceae, and Eubacteriaceae. It was therefore concluded that SBSO was effective in reducing blood cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic hamsters via increasing intestinal cholesterol excretion and promoting the growth of SCFA-producing bacteria.
沙棘籽油（SBSO）已被用作预防心脏病的功能性食品。本研究探讨了 SBSO 对高胆固醇血症仓鼠血液胆固醇和肠道微生物群的影响。将四组仓鼠（每组 8 只）分别给予四种饮食中的一种，即无胆固醇对照饮食（NCD）、含 0.1%胆固醇的高胆固醇对照饮食（HCD）、以及用沙棘籽油替代 50%猪油（SL）或替代 100%猪油（SH）的 HCD 饮食。喂养 SL 和 SH 饮食可使总胆固醇降低 20-22%。这伴随着酰基辅酶 A：胆固醇酰基转移酶 2（ACAT2）、微粒体三酰甘油转运蛋白（MTP）和 ATP 结合盒转运蛋白 8（ABCG8）基因表达的下调。SBSO 补充还增加了肠道短链脂肪酸的产生和中性固醇的粪便排泄量。宏基因组分析表明，喂养 SL 和 SH 饮食可以有利地调节拟杆菌目_S24-7 组、瘤胃球菌科和真细菌科的相对丰度。因此，结论是 SBSO 通过增加肠道胆固醇排泄和促进 SCFA 产生菌的生长，有效降低了高胆固醇血症仓鼠的血液胆固醇。
