Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Prosthetic Dental Science College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Clin Oral Investig. 2020 Jun;24(6):1981-1986. doi: 10.1007/s00784-019-03061-1. Epub 2019 Aug 21.
To clinically evaluate the oro-facial manifestations in lepromatous leprosy patients undergoing multidrug therapy in Central India.
Two hundred patients from 2 leprosy treatment centers in Central India who satisfied the diagnostic criteria set by the WHO (2006-2010) committee on leprosy were included in the study. To avoid bias, only patients who started the multi-drug treatment regimen less than 1 year ago were included. All the patients were examined for the presence of oral and facial manifestations. To confirm that the oro-facial manifestations were not due to HIV co-infection, serological diagnostic tests including ELISA, Immunocomb, and Tri-dot were performed.
Majority of the patients (n = 189) exhibited oral (n = 145) and/or facial (n = 147) manifestations. The most common oral lesions were found to be fissuring and depapillation of the tongue followed by fibrosis and loss of uvula. Among the facial manifestations, facial skin lesions and loss of eyebrows were most prevalent followed by sagging of facial skin and facies leonine.
The facial manifestations of leprosy are quite common, readily recognizable, and relatively specific to the disease. Thus, the presence of facial manifestations, especially with co-existing oral lesions must prompt the clinician to mandate further investigations to confirm the diagnosis.
As evidenced by the present study, facial manifestations and oral lesions are an integral part of leprosy. In addition to being a diagnostic parameter, facial manifestations and oral lesions could potentially be used to monitor the disease progression and treatment outcome.
临床评估接受印度中部多药治疗的瘤型麻风患者的口腔面部表现。
本研究纳入了来自印度中部 2 个麻风病治疗中心的 200 名符合世界卫生组织（2006-2010 年）麻风病委员会诊断标准的患者。为了避免偏倚，仅纳入了开始多药治疗方案不到 1 年的患者。所有患者均接受了口腔和面部表现的检查。为了确认口腔面部表现不是由于 HIV 合并感染，进行了血清学诊断检测，包括 ELISA、免疫组合和三联点检测。
大多数患者（n=189）表现出口腔（n=145）和/或面部（n=147）表现。最常见的口腔病变是舌裂和舌乳头消失，其次是纤维化和悬雍垂缺失。在面部表现中，面部皮肤病变和眉毛缺失最为常见，其次是面部皮肤下垂和狮面。
麻风病的面部表现相当常见，易于识别，且相对特异于该疾病。因此，面部表现的存在，特别是伴有并存的口腔病变，必须促使临床医生进行进一步的调查以确认诊断。
正如本研究所示，面部表现和口腔病变是麻风病的一个组成部分。除了作为诊断参数外，面部表现和口腔病变可能潜在地用于监测疾病进展和治疗结果。
