Li Jiashuo, Yang Xinxin, Qi Zhipeng, Sang Yanqi, Liu Yanan, Xu Bin, Liu Wei, Xu Zhaofa, Deng Yu
School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning China.
Cell Biosci. 2019 Aug 20;9:66. doi: 10.1186/s13578-019-0330-y. eCollection 2019.
Epitranscriptomics, also known as "RNA epigenetics", is a chemical modification for RNA regulation. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation is considered to be a major discovery following the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone methylation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) methylation modification accounts for more than 60% of all RNA modifications and N6-methyladenosine (mA) is known as one of the most common type of eukaryotic mRNA methylation modifications in current. The mA modification is a dynamic reversible modification, which can directly or indirectly affect biological processes, such as RNA degradation, translation and splicing, and can play important biological roles in vivo. This article introduces the mRNA mA methylation modification enzymes and binding proteins, and reviews the research progress and related mechanisms of the role of mRNA mA methylation in the nervous system from the aspects of neural stem cells, learning and memory, brain development, axon growth and glioblastoma.
表观转录组学，也被称为“RNA表观遗传学”，是一种用于RNA调控的化学修饰。核糖核酸（RNA）甲基化被认为是继脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）和组蛋白甲基化之后的一项重大发现。信使核糖核酸（mRNA）甲基化修饰占所有RNA修饰的60%以上，N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）是目前已知的真核生物mRNA最常见的甲基化修饰类型之一。m6A修饰是一种动态可逆修饰，可直接或间接影响RNA降解、翻译和剪接等生物学过程，并能在体内发挥重要生物学作用。本文介绍了mRNA m6A甲基化修饰酶和结合蛋白，并从神经干细胞、学习与记忆、脑发育、轴突生长和胶质母细胞瘤等方面综述了mRNA m6A甲基化在神经系统中作用的研究进展及相关机制。
