Eker Hasan Hüseyin, Taşdemir Mustafa, Mercan Sümeyye, Mucaz Meltem, Bektemur Güven, Şahinoz Saime, Özkaya Emin
Department of Public Health, University of Health Science, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Health Management, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Faculty of Health Science, İstanbul, Turkey.
Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017 Apr 5;64(1):37-45. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2018.1402. eCollection 2018 Mar.
This study aims to investigate the frequency of obesity and to identify possible risk factors affecting obesity in adolescents.
This cross-sectional study included a total of 1,357 adolescents between March 2011 and May 2012 in Beyoglu district of Istanbul province of Turkey. The questionnaire including 38 questions which was developed based on the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which is used by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), was used for the data collection. The weight and height of the participants were measured and their body mass index (BMI) values were calculated.
Of all participants, 54.8% were females, 5% of them were underweight, 12.6% were overweight, and 2.6% were obese. Among the male participants, the BMI values were higher (21.06±3.32 kg/m) than females (20.26±2.88 kg/m) (p<0.0001). The obesity ratio was higher in males (p<0.0001) and in children of highly educated parents (p<0.05). Of the participants, 23.5% were physically active. Physical activity level was higher in males, compared to females (p<0.0001). The rate of breakfast habit was higher in males than females (p=0.002). Healthy diets and losing weight in a healthy way were more commonly accepted by the students in the public schools, compared to those in private schools (p<0.0001).
Obesity is an important public health problem and proper eating habits and regular physical activity should be encouraged. High-income families should also encourage their children to become more aware of the importance of physical activity. The right time for this is childhood and adolescence, in which permanent habits can be easily acquired.
本研究旨在调查青少年肥胖的发生率，并确定影响青少年肥胖的可能风险因素。
这项横断面研究纳入了2011年3月至2012年5月期间土耳其伊斯坦布尔省贝伊奥卢区的1357名青少年。基于疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）使用的青少年风险行为调查开发的包含38个问题的问卷用于数据收集。测量了参与者的体重和身高，并计算了他们的体重指数（BMI）值。
在所有参与者中，54.8%为女性，5%体重过轻，12.6%超重，2.6%肥胖。男性参与者的BMI值（21.06±3.32kg/m²）高于女性（20.26±2.88kg/m²）（p<0.0001）。男性的肥胖率更高（p<0.0001），且在父母受教育程度高的儿童中肥胖率也更高（p<0.05）。23.5%的参与者有体育活动。男性的体育活动水平高于女性（p<0.0001）。男性的早餐习惯发生率高于女性（p=0.002）。与私立学校的学生相比，公立学校的学生更普遍接受健康饮食和以健康方式减肥（p<0.0001）。
肥胖是一个重要的公共卫生问题，应鼓励养成良好的饮食习惯和定期进行体育活动。高收入家庭也应鼓励孩子更加意识到体育活动的重要性。这个时机应该是儿童期和青春期，在这个阶段可以很容易地养成持久的习惯。
