Macro-level accident modeling in Novi Sad: A spatial regression approach.

In this study, a macroscopic analysis was conducted in order to identify the factors which have an effect on traffic accidents in traffic analysis zones. The factors that impact accidents vary according to the characteristics of the observed area, which in turn leads to a discrepancy between research and practice. The total number of accidents was observed in this paper, along with the number of motorized and non-motorized mode accidents within a three-year period in the city of Novi Sad. The models used for this analysis were spatial predictive models comprised of the classical predictive space model, spatial lag model and spatial error model. The spatial lag model showed the best performances concerning the total number of accidents and number of motorized mode accidents, whereas the spatial error model was prominent within the number of non-motorized mode accidents. The results found that increasing Daily Vehicle-Kilometers Traveled, parking spaces, 5-legged intersections and signalized intersections increased all types of accidents. The other demographic, traffic, road and environment characteristics showed that they had a different effect on the observed types of accidents. The results of this research can be benefitial to reserachers who deal with traffic engineering, space planning as well as making decisions with the aim of preparing countermeasures necessary for road safety improvement in the analysed area.