Castañeda-Ramírez G S, Torres-Acosta J F J, Mendoza-de-Gives P, Tun-Garrido J, Rosado-Aguilar J A, Chan-Pérez J I, Hernández-Bolio G I, Ventura-Cordero J, Acosta-Viana K Y, Jímenez-Coello M
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Mérida, Yucatán CP 97100, México.
CENID-Parasitología Veterinaria, INIFAP, Boulevard Paseo Cuauhnáhuac No. 8534, Progreso, Jiutepec, CP 62550 Morelos, México.
J Helminthol. 2019 Aug 28;94:e77. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X19000397.
This study assessed the in vitro anthelmintic (AH) activity of methanol and acetone:water leaf extracts from Annona squamosa, A. muricata and A. reticulata against Haemonchus contortus eggs. The egg hatch test was used to determine the effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% of eggs hatching (EC50). The role of polyphenols on AH activity was measured through bioassays with and without polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). Methanolic extracts mainly caused the death of eggs at the morula stage (ovicidal activity). Meanwhile, acetone:water extracts caused egg-hatching failure of developed larvae (larvae failing eclosion (LFE) activity). The lowest EC50 values against H. contortus eggs were observed for the methanolic extracts from A. reticulata and A. muricata (274.2 and 382.9 µg/ml, respectively). From the six extracts evaluated, the methanolic extracts of A. muricata, A. reticulata and A. squamosa showed the highest ovicidal activity, resulting in 98.9%, 92.8% and 95.1% egg mortality, respectively. When the methanolic extract of A. squamosa was incubated with PVPP, its AH activity increased. Similarly, when acetone:water extracts of A. muriata and A. reticulata were incubated with PVPP, their LFE activity increased. Alkaloids were only evident in methanolic extracts, irrespective of PVPP incubation. The presence of acetogenins was not observed. In conclusion, methanolic extracts obtained from leaves of A. muricata, A. reticulata and A. squamosa showed ovicidal activity affecting the morula of H. contortus eggs, with minor LFE activity. Meanwhile, acetone:water extracts showed mostly LFE activity, with a lower proportion of ovicidal activity.
本研究评估了番荔枝、刺果番荔枝和牛心番荔枝的甲醇提取物以及丙酮:水叶提取物对捻转血矛线虫卵的体外驱虫活性。采用虫卵孵化试验来确定抑制50%虫卵孵化所需的有效浓度（EC50）。通过添加和不添加聚乙烯聚吡咯烷酮（PVPP）的生物测定来测定多酚对驱虫活性的作用。甲醇提取物主要导致桑椹期虫卵死亡（杀卵活性）。同时，丙酮:水提取物导致发育中的幼虫孵化失败（幼虫孵化失败（LFE）活性）。牛心番荔枝和刺果番荔枝的甲醇提取物对捻转血矛线虫卵的最低EC50值分别为274.2和382.9微克/毫升。在所评估的六种提取物中，刺果番荔枝、牛心番荔枝和番荔枝的甲醇提取物表现出最高的杀卵活性，分别导致98.9%、92.8%和95.1%的虫卵死亡率。当番荔枝的甲醇提取物与PVPP一起孵育时，其驱虫活性增强。同样，当刺果番荔枝和牛心番荔枝的丙酮:水提取物与PVPP一起孵育时，它们的LFE活性增强。生物碱仅在甲醇提取物中明显，与是否用PVPP孵育无关。未观察到产乙酸素的存在。总之，从刺果番荔枝、牛心番荔枝和番荔枝叶片中获得的甲醇提取物表现出杀卵活性，影响捻转血矛线虫卵的桑椹期，LFE活性较弱。同时，丙酮:水提取物主要表现出LFE活性，杀卵活性比例较低。
