Ha Thuy Van, Nguyen An Mai Thi, Nguyen Ha Song Thi
Department of Health Insurance, Ministry of Health of Vietnam, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
Department of Planning and Financing, Ministry of Health of Vietnam, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2019 Jul 2;12:493-502. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S211420. eCollection 2019.
Monitoring self-medication practice, which refers to individuals using medicine without instructions of physicians, is critical to control its harmful effects. However, in Vietnam, evidence about self-medication among individuals in highland areas is constrained. This study examined self-medication practice among residents living in highland areas in Vietnam and determined associated factors. A cross-sectional study was performed in five highland provinces with 1000 individuals. Information about individual and household's socioeconomic status and self-medication practice in the last 12 months was surveyed. Multivariate logistic and Poisson regressions were used to identify associated factors with self-medication. 83.3% reported self-medication in the last 12 months, with the mean times of self-medication being 4.5 times (SD=4.1). Female (OR=0.62, <0.01), ethnic minorities, higher number of members having health insurance in family (OR=0.82, <0.01) and higher annual household income (OR=0.78, <0.05) were associated with the lower likelihood of "Only buy medicines at pharmacy stores when having illness in the last 12 month". Moreover, people who were females (OR=0.59, <0.05), white-collar worker (OR=0.25, <0.01) and had higher number of children in the family (OR=0.68, <0.05) were less likely to practice self-medication. People who were ethnic minorities, white-collar worker (Coef.=-0.32, <0.01) and higher number of members having health insurance in family had lower times of self-medication in the last 12 months compared to other groups. Meanwhile, individuals having higher number of members in the family (Coef.=0.07, <0.01) and higher annual household income (Coef.=0.08, <0.01) had highertimes of self-medication in the last 12 months. Residents in highland areas in Vietnam had a considerably high 12-month prevalence of self-medication. Medical products quality management and self-medication guideline are potential to maximize the effects of self-medication. Moreover, promoting the use of health insurance should also be concerned as a solution to address this issue.
监测自我药疗行为（即个人在没有医生指导的情况下使用药物）对于控制其有害影响至关重要。然而，在越南，关于高地地区个人自我药疗的证据有限。本研究调查了越南高地地区居民的自我药疗行为，并确定了相关因素。在五个高地省份对1000名个体进行了一项横断面研究。调查了个人和家庭的社会经济状况以及过去12个月内的自我药疗行为。采用多变量逻辑回归和泊松回归来确定与自我药疗相关的因素。83.3%的人报告在过去12个月内有自我药疗行为，自我药疗的平均次数为4.5次（标准差=4.1）。女性（比值比=0.62，<0.01）、少数民族、家庭中拥有健康保险的成员数量较多（比值比=0.82，<0.01）以及家庭年收入较高（比值比=0.78，<0.05）与“在过去12个月生病时仅在药店买药”的可能性较低相关。此外，女性（比值比=0.59，<0.05）、白领（比值比=0.25，<0.01）以及家庭中孩子数量较多（比值比=0.68，<0.05）的人自我药疗的可能性较小。少数民族、白领（系数=-0.32，<0.01）以及家庭中拥有健康保险的成员数量较多的人在过去12个月内的自我药疗次数比其他群体少。同时，家庭中成员数量较多（系数=0.07，<0.01）以及家庭年收入较高（系数=0.08，<0.01）的人在过去12个月内的自我药疗次数较多。越南高地地区的居民自我药疗的12个月患病率相当高。医疗产品质量管理和自我药疗指南有可能使自我药疗的效果最大化。此外，推广健康保险的使用也应作为解决这一问题的一个办法加以关注。
