Pereira Gabriela, de Souza Cinthia Madeira, Ferracini Amanda Canato, Surita Fernanda Garanhani, Eltonsy Sherif, Mazzola Priscila Gava
Universidade Estadual de Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
University of Manitoba Rady Faculty of Health Sciences College of Pharmacy Canada College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2024 Dec 4;46. doi: 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo77. eCollection 2024.
An in-depth evaluation of the published evidence is needed on self-medication, specifically the evidence focusing on vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the differences in self-medication prevalence and study characteristics among different groups, while identifying gaps in the literature.
A literature search was performed in PubMed and Web of Science, including articles published in the last 10 years for the pregnant women group (PWG) and the general population group (GPG). Data on study design, self-medication prevalence, medications used, and other variables were collected, tabulated, and summarized.
From 2888 screened articles, 75 were considered including 108,559 individuals. The self-medication (SM) in the PWG ranged from 2.6 to 72.4% and most studies had an SM prevalence between 21 and 50% and in the GPG, 32 from 50 studies had a SM prevalence higher than 50%. The reviewed studies varied considerably in methodology, requiring careful interpretation. While most of the studies assessed self-medication during the entire pregnancy, self-medication definition was often inconsistent between studies. Acetaminophen was the most used medication and headache was the most frequent symptom leading to self-medication initiation in the PWG.
Self-medication among pregnant women showed a lower prevalence when compared to the general population. The medications used and symptoms reported were similar between groups. However, methodological differences must be carefully considered. Pregnant women should carefully follow their physicians' advice before initiating self-medication to avoid preventable maternal and fetal adverse effects.
需要对已发表的关于自我药疗的证据进行深入评估，特别是针对孕妇等弱势群体的证据。本综述旨在概述不同群体之间自我药疗患病率和研究特征的差异，同时找出文献中的空白。
在PubMed和Web of Science中进行文献检索，包括过去10年发表的针对孕妇组（PWG）和普通人群组（GPG）的文章。收集有关研究设计、自我药疗患病率、使用的药物和其他变量的数据，制成表格并进行总结。
在筛选出的2888篇文章中，75篇被纳入，涉及108,559人。孕妇组的自我药疗（SM）患病率在2.6%至72.4%之间，大多数研究的SM患病率在21%至50%之间；而在普通人群组中，50项研究中有32项的SM患病率高于50%。所审查的研究在方法上差异很大，需要仔细解读。虽然大多数研究评估了整个孕期的自我药疗情况，但不同研究之间自我药疗的定义往往不一致。对乙酰氨基酚是最常用的药物，头痛是孕妇组中导致自我药疗开始的最常见症状。
与普通人群相比，孕妇的自我药疗患病率较低。两组使用的药物和报告的症状相似。然而，必须仔细考虑方法学上的差异。孕妇在开始自我药疗前应仔细遵循医生的建议，以避免可预防的母婴不良反应。
