Balestrini Raffaella, Rosso Laura C, Veronico Pasqua, Melillo Maria Teresa, De Luca Francesca, Fanelli Elena, Colagiero Mariantonietta, di Fossalunga Alessandra Salvioli, Ciancio Aurelio, Pentimone Isabella
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Turin, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Aug 13;10:1807. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01807. eCollection 2019.
Climate changes include the intensification of drought in many parts of the world, increasing its frequency, severity and duration. However, under natural conditions, environmental stresses do not occur alone, and, in addition, more stressed plants may become more susceptible to attacks by pests and pathogens. Studies on the impact of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis on tomato response to water deficit showed that several drought-responsive genes are differentially regulated in AM-colonized tomato plants (roots and leaves) during water deficit. To date, global changes in mycorrhizal tomato root transcripts under water stress conditions have not been yet investigated. Here, changes in root transcriptome in the presence of an AM fungus, with or without water stress (WS) application, have been evaluated in a commercial tomato cultivar already investigated for the water stress response during AM symbiosis. Since root-knot nematodes (RKNs, ) are obligate endoparasites and cause severe yield losses in tomato, the impact of the AM fungal colonization on RKN infection at 7 days post-inoculation was also evaluated. Results offer new information about the response to AM symbiosis, highlighting a functional redundancy for several tomato gene families, as well as on the tomato and fungal genes involved in WS response during symbiosis, underlying the role of the AM fungus. Changes in the expression of tomato genes related to nematode infection during AM symbiosis highlight a role of AM colonization in triggering defense responses against RKN in tomato. Overall, new datasets on the tomato response to an abiotic and biotic stress during AM symbiosis have been obtained, providing useful data for further researches.
气候变化包括世界许多地区干旱加剧，其发生频率、严重程度和持续时间都在增加。然而，在自然条件下，环境胁迫并非单独出现，此外，受胁迫程度更高的植物可能更容易受到害虫和病原体的侵袭。关于丛枝菌根（AM）共生对番茄应对水分亏缺影响的研究表明，在水分亏缺期间，AM定殖的番茄植株（根和叶）中几个干旱响应基因受到不同程度的调控。迄今为止，尚未研究水分胁迫条件下菌根番茄根转录本的全球变化。在此，我们在一个已经针对AM共生期间水分胁迫响应进行过研究的商业番茄品种中，评估了在有或没有水分胁迫（WS）的情况下，AM真菌存在时根转录组的变化。由于根结线虫（RKNs）是专性内寄生线虫，会导致番茄严重减产，因此还评估了AM真菌定殖在接种后7天对RKN感染的影响。研究结果提供了有关对AM共生反应的新信息，突出了几个番茄基因家族的功能冗余，以及共生期间参与水分胁迫响应的番茄和真菌基因，揭示了AM真菌的作用。AM共生期间与线虫感染相关的番茄基因表达变化突出了AM定殖在触发番茄对RKN防御反应中的作用。总体而言，我们获得了关于番茄在AM共生期间对非生物和生物胁迫反应的新数据集，为进一步研究提供了有用的数据。
