HIV 相关神经认知障碍在乌干达西南部农村地区的流行情况及危险因素分析。
Prevalence and Risk Factors of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Rural Southwestern Uganda.
出版信息
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2019 Sep-Oct;30(5):531-538. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000036.
Abstract
Advances in treatment of HIV have dramatically improved survival rates; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), however, remain highly prevalent and continue to represent a significant public health problem, especially in resource-limited settings. We completed a cross-sectional study to describe the prevalence and risk factors for HAND in rural Southwestern Uganda AIDS Support Organization Centers. After securing ethical clearance from relevant bodies, 393 participants were screened for HAND using the International HIV Dementia Scale. A cutoff score of ≤10 and a significance level of p ≤ .05 were set. More than half of the 393 participants (n = 229, 58.23%) screened positive for HAND. The associated risk factors were gender (odds ratio [OR] 0.54, p = .017), peasant farming (OR 1.70, p = .04), and older age (OR 1.03, p = .019). HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains one of the major complications of HIV despite improvement in antiretroviral therapy and life expectancies.
摘要
治疗艾滋病方面的进展显著提高了患者的存活率，但与艾滋病相关的神经认知障碍（HAND）仍然高度流行，继续构成重大的公共卫生问题，尤其是在资源有限的环境中。我们完成了一项横断面研究，以描述乌干达西南部农村地区艾滋病支持组织中心 HAND 的患病率和相关风险因素。在获得相关机构的伦理批准后，我们使用国际艾滋病痴呆量表对 393 名参与者进行 HAND 筛查。设定的截断值为≤10，显著性水平为 p≤0.05。在筛查出的 393 名参与者中，超过一半（n=229，58.23%）HAND 检测呈阳性。相关的风险因素包括性别（比值比[OR]0.54，p=0.017）、农民（OR 1.70，p=0.04）和年龄较大（OR 1.03，p=0.019）。尽管抗逆转录病毒治疗和预期寿命有所改善，但与艾滋病相关的神经认知障碍仍然是艾滋病的主要并发症之一。
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