Rafii Forough, Ghezeljeh Tahereh Najafi, Nasrollah Sepideh
Department of Medical-Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Intensive Care and Cardiovascular Perfusion Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jul;8(7):2289-2293. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_341_19.
Discriminative nursing care is one of the most important challenges in the field of ethical care and the rights of patients. Experiencing discrimination has negative impacts.
The aim of this study was to explore the process of the development of the discriminative nursing care.
Sampling was begun purposefully and gradually continued, according to the obtained codes and categories, using theoretical sampling until data saturation. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews, observations, and field notes. In this study, 13 clinical nurses and 5 patients in Iran were selected from public hospitals. The inclusion criteria were willingness to participate, having adequate experience about the considered phenomenon, and being able to discuss the subject. Data analysis was performed simultaneously to data collection using the method of Corbin and Strauss 2008.
Five categories were extracted. The categories include: "context," "causal conditions," "phenomena," "strategies," and "outcomes." Each of these categories contained subcategories with specific characteristics. The context was classified into "nurse's characteristics" and "patient's characteristics. ""Complete conflict" and "hatred" were extracted from the category of causal conditions. The causal conditions and context led to "discriminative nursing care" phenomena. The two strategies were "avoiding the patients" and "robotic care." Outcomes were located in a spectrum ranging from "annoyance and discomfort" to "imposition of costs." Finally, the categories were connected together and the meaning of "care in the context of the sense of interaction with the patient" was theorized.
It is important to provide nursing education on the development of discriminative nursing care and its associated complications. Nurses should understand the nature, components, and the process of discriminative care. Understanding discrimination improves the action of nurses.
差别对待的护理是道德护理和患者权利领域最重要的挑战之一。遭受歧视会产生负面影响。
本研究旨在探讨差别对待的护理的发展过程。
根据获得的编码和类别，有目的地开始抽样，并逐步继续，采用理论抽样直至数据饱和。数据收集方法包括半结构化访谈、观察和实地记录。在本研究中，从伊朗的公立医院选取了13名临床护士和5名患者。纳入标准为愿意参与、对所考虑的现象有足够的经验以及能够讨论该主题。使用Corbin和Strauss 2008年的方法在数据收集的同时进行数据分析。
提取了五个类别。这些类别包括：“背景”、“因果条件”、“现象”、“策略”和“结果”。每个类别都包含具有特定特征的子类别。背景分为“护士特征”和“患者特征”。从因果条件类别中提取了“完全冲突”和“仇恨”。因果条件和背景导致了“差别对待的护理”现象。两种策略是“回避患者”和“机械护理”。结果范围从“烦恼和不适”到“费用负担”。最后，将这些类别联系在一起，并对“在与患者互动的意义背景下的护理”的含义进行了理论化。
提供关于差别对待的护理及其相关并发症发展的护理教育很重要。护士应了解差别对待护理的性质、组成部分和过程。理解歧视可改善护士的行为。
