Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Sci China Life Sci. 2019 Dec;62(12):1609-1616. doi: 10.1007/s11427-018-9510-3. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
A traditional view of cellular differentiation is unidirectional: progenitor cells adopt specific fates in response to environmental cues resulting in deployment of cell-specific gene expression programs and acquisition of unique differentiated cellular properties such as production of structural and functional proteins that define individual cell types. In both development and in tissue repair stem and progenitor cells are thought to both self-renew to maintain the pool of precursors and to expand to give rise to transient amplifying and differentiated cell types. Recently, however, it has become appreciated that differentiated cell types can be reprogrammed to adopt progenitor and stem cell properties. In the case of epithelial cells in the mammalian liver, hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells there is a significant degree of plasticity between these lineages that has been implicated in mechanisms of tissue repair and in liver pathologies such as cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the role of Hippo signaling, an emerging growth control and tumor suppressor pathway, in regulating epithelial cell plasticity in the mammalian liver and in this review, the role of cellular plasticity and Hippo signaling in regulating normal and abnormal tissue responses in the mammalian liver will be discussed.
祖细胞对环境线索做出特定反应，从而采用特定命运，导致细胞特异性基因表达程序的部署，并获得独特的分化细胞特性，如产生结构和功能蛋白，从而定义单个细胞类型。在发育和组织修复中，干细胞和祖细胞被认为既能自我更新以维持前体细胞池，又能扩增以产生短暂扩增和分化的细胞类型。然而，最近人们已经意识到，分化细胞类型可以被重新编程为具有祖细胞和干细胞特性。在哺乳动物肝脏中的上皮细胞中，肝细胞和胆管上皮细胞之间存在着显著的可塑性，这种可塑性与组织修复机制以及肝癌等肝脏疾病有关。最近的研究强调了 Hippo 信号通路在调节哺乳动物肝脏上皮细胞可塑性方面的作用，Hippo 信号通路是一种新兴的生长控制和肿瘤抑制途径。在这篇综述中，将讨论细胞可塑性和 Hippo 信号通路在调节哺乳动物肝脏中正常和异常组织反应中的作用。
