Birch David A, Goekler Susan, Auld M Elaine, Lohrmann David K, Lyde Adrian
The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
American School Health Association, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2019 Nov;20(6):845-857. doi: 10.1177/1524839919868167. Epub 2019 Aug 29.
To be effective, school health instruction should be taught by health educators who have graduated from accredited health education teacher education programs and are certified in health education. Unfortunately, the nation has failed to ensure that all those who teach health in schools are well prepared. States vary in the required coursework for health teachers in terms of initial licensure and continuing education for licensure renewal; most elementary teachers are not required to receive preparation in health education; health education and physical education are often viewed as synonymous disciplines; support for in-service education of health teachers is often lacking; and more research is needed in professional preparation and development of school health educators. This article provides a call to action in five areas to strengthen both the professional preparation and professional development of school health educators. Given that education is a social determinant of health, public health educators must become stronger allies in supporting school health to promote health equity. Public health practitioners can advocate to state and community school decision makers for comprehensive school health education taught by teachers with appropriate professional preparation and certification in health education. Public health faculty can educate their students about the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child framework and effective strategies for its implementation, and seek rigorous professional preparation and certification and accreditation standards for their school teacher preparation programs. National health and education organizations can call for new leadership and investments in health education teacher preparation and development for a brighter future.
为了确保有效,学校健康教育应由毕业于经认可的健康教育教师教育项目并获得健康教育认证的健康教育工作者来教授。不幸的是,国家未能确保所有在学校教授健康课程的人员都做好了充分准备。各州在健康教师初始执照颁发和执照续期继续教育方面的必修课程要求各不相同;大多数小学教师无需接受健康教育方面的培训;健康教育和体育教育常常被视为同义学科;对健康教师在职教育的支持往往不足;并且在学校健康教育工作者的专业准备和发展方面还需要更多研究。本文在五个领域发出行动呼吁,以加强学校健康教育工作者的专业准备和专业发展。鉴于教育是健康的一个社会决定因素,公共卫生教育工作者必须成为支持学校健康以促进健康公平的更有力盟友。公共卫生从业者可以向州和社区学校决策者倡导由具备适当健康教育专业准备和认证的教师开展全面的学校健康教育。公共卫生教员可以向学生传授“全学校、全社区、全儿童”框架及其有效实施策略,并为其学校教师培训项目寻求严格的专业准备、认证和认可标准。国家卫生和教育组织可以呼吁在健康教育教师的准备和发展方面发挥新的领导作用并进行投资,以创造更美好的未来。