Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
PLoS One. 2019 Aug 29;14(8):e0221318. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221318. eCollection 2019.
Syzygium cumini (S. cumini) is an evergreen tropical plant that is well recognized for its therapeutic potential of common diseases. In this study, the therapeutic potential and biomedical application of S. cumini are assessed in vitro and in vivo to find its effectiveness for different complications. The methanolic crude extract of S. cumini leaves were screened for total phenolic and flavonoid content. In vitro, the DPPH scavenging assay, XTT assay, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time were used to assess antioxidant, cytoprotective and thrombolytic activity of the S. cumini extract, respectively. The anti-inflammatory potential and the analgesic activity of the S. cumini extract were analyzed in rabbits by the Carrageenan induced paw edema method and the writhing method, respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of considerable amounts of total phenolic (369.75 ± 17.9 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (75.8 ± 5.3 mgRE/g) content in the S. cumini extract. The DPPH assay demonstrated a higher antioxidant potential (IC-50 value of 133 μg/ml), which was comparable to the IC-50 of ascorbic acid (122.4 μg/ml). Moreover, the S. cumini extract showed a dose dependent cytoprotective effect against H2O2 treated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). S. cumini also possesses significant anticoagulant activity with a prothrombin time of 28.3 ± 1.8 seconds vs 15.8 ± 0.2 seconds of control, p<0.05. The leaf extract also demonstrated an analgesic effect in rabbits as indicated by the decrease in writhing (12.2 ± 1.7 control vs. 3.7 ± 0.6 treated) and anti-inflammatory activity in rabbits paw with a protection against inflammation of 64.1 ± 2.4%. Our findings suggest that the methanolic extract of S. cumini leaves has antioxidant, cytoprotective, anticoagulant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, and therefore, can be applied for treating cardiovascular diseases and cancers.
穗状胡椒（S. cumini）是一种常绿热带植物，因其对常见疾病的治疗潜力而广为人知。在这项研究中，评估了 S. cumini 的治疗潜力和生物医学应用，以在体外和体内寻找其对不同并发症的有效性。对穗状胡椒叶的甲醇粗提取物进行了总酚和类黄酮含量的筛选。在体外，DPPH 清除测定法、XTT 测定法、凝血酶原和活化部分凝血活酶时间分别用于评估 S. cumini 提取物的抗氧化、细胞保护和溶栓活性。通过角叉菜胶诱导的爪肿胀法和扭体法分析 S. cumini 提取物的抗炎潜力和镇痛活性。植物化学分析表明，S. cumini 提取物中存在相当数量的总酚（369.75±17.9mgGAE/g）和类黄酮（75.8±5.3mgRE/g）。DPPH 测定法表明，抗氧化潜力较高（IC-50 值为 133μg/ml），与抗坏血酸（IC-50 为 122.4μg/ml）相当。此外，S. cumini 提取物对 H2O2 处理的骨髓间充质干细胞（BM-MSCs）具有剂量依赖性的细胞保护作用。S. cumini 还具有显著的抗凝活性，凝血酶原时间为 28.3±1.8 秒，而对照为 15.8±0.2 秒，p<0.05。叶提取物还在兔子中表现出镇痛作用，扭体次数减少（12.2±1.7 对照 vs. 3.7±0.6 治疗），兔子爪子的抗炎活性降低，炎症保护率为 64.1±2.4%。我们的研究结果表明，S. cumini 叶的甲醇提取物具有抗氧化、细胞保护、抗凝、镇痛和抗炎特性，因此可用于治疗心血管疾病和癌症。
