Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2020 Jan;223(1):228-237. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.08.008. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
Childhood exposure to organochlorines has been associated with alterations in somatic growth. We evaluated the associations of peri-pubertal serum levels of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) and nondioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs), with adolescent growth, body composition, and near adult height (NAH) in a longitudinal cohort study of Russian boys.
473 8-9 year-old boys had serum DLCs and associated toxic equivalents (TEQs) and NDL-PCBs concentrations measured. Physical examinations were performed at enrollment between 2003 and 2005, and annually over 11 years to 2016; annual bio-electric impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition began in 2006. We used mixed effects models to evaluate associations of quartiles of serum chemical concentrations with longitudinal measurements through age 19 of body mass index (BMI-Z) and height (HT-Z) z-scores, annual height velocity (HV), and BIA-derived height-adjusted fat (FMi) and fat-free mass (FFMi) indexes. Potential modification by age of the associations of chemical exposures with growth was evaluated. NAH (defined as HV < 1 cm/year) and age at NAH attainment were estimated using parametric survival models accounting for right censoring.
The medians of serum ∑TEQs, ∑DLCs, and ∑NDL-PCBs were 21.1 pg TEQ/g lipid, 362 pg/g lipid, and 250 ng/g lipid, respectively. In multivariable models, higher serum concentrations of peri-pubertal ∑TEQs, ∑DLCs, and ∑NDL-PCBs were associated with significantly lower BMI-Z, FMi, and FFMi over 11 years of follow-up. The differences in FFMi for boys with higher versus lower ΣTEQs and ΣNDL-PCBs increased with age. In multivariable models, higher ∑NDL-PCBs were associated with lower HT-Z, with attenuation of the association with age (interaction p < 0.001). The highest versus the lowest quartiles of ∑NDL-PCBs were not associated with differences in NAH, but were associated with an average of 6 months later attainment of NAH.
Our findings suggest that dioxin and NDL-PCB exposures during childhood are associated with alterations in body composition and subsequent somatic growth.
儿童期接触有机氯会导致躯体生长改变。我们在俄罗斯男孩的纵向队列研究中评估了青春期血清中二噁英类化合物（DLCs）和非二噁英类多氯联苯（NDL-PCBs）水平与青少年生长、身体成分和接近成人身高（NAH）的关系。
473 名 8-9 岁男孩的血清 DLCs 和相关毒性等效物（TEQs）和 NDL-PCBs 浓度进行了测量。2003 年至 2005 年间进行了入组体检，并在 11 年内每年进行一次体检，直到 2016 年；2006 年开始每年进行生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测量身体成分。我们使用混合效应模型来评估血清化学浓度四分位数与通过 19 岁的体重指数（BMI-Z）和身高（HT-Z）z 分数、每年身高速度（HV）以及 BIA 衍生的身高调整脂肪（FMi）和无脂肪质量（FFMi）指数的纵向测量值之间的关联。还评估了化学暴露与生长之间的关联是否受年龄的影响。使用参数生存模型估计 NAH（定义为 HV<1cm/年）和达到 NAH 的年龄，该模型考虑了右删失。
血清∑TEQs、∑DLCs 和∑NDL-PCBs 的中位数分别为 21.1pg TEQ/g 脂质、362pg/g 脂质和 250ng/g 脂质。在多变量模型中，青春期∑TEQs、∑DLCs 和∑NDL-PCBs 血清浓度较高与 11 年随访期间 BMI-Z、FMi 和 FFMi 显著降低有关。较高的血清∑TEQs 和∑NDL-PCBs 与男孩的 FFMi 差异随着年龄的增加而增加。在多变量模型中，较高的∑NDL-PCBs 与 HT-Z 降低有关，随着年龄的增长，这种关联会减弱（交互 p<0.001）。最高与最低四分位数的∑NDL-PCBs 与 NAH 之间无差异，但与 NAH 平均延迟 6 个月达到相关。
我们的研究结果表明，儿童时期接触二噁英和 NDL-PCB 会导致身体成分改变和随后的躯体生长。
