Dotché Ignace Ogoudanan, Bankolé Constant B O, Dahouda Mahamadou, Biobou Rodrigue, Bonou Gabriel A, Antoine-Moussiaux Nicolas, Dehoux Jean-Paul, Thilmant Pierre, Mensah Guy Apollinaire, Koutinhouin Benoît G, Youssao Abdou Karim Issaka
Department of Animal Production and Health, Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Meat Technology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01, BP 2009, Cotonou, Benin.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomic Science, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01, BP 526, Cotonou, Benin.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2020 Mar;52(2):687-698. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-02058-y. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
Benin's domestic production of pork is deficient because of the animals' low productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the zootechnical performances of pigs reared in south Benin. Data on zootechnical performances and reproduction management were collected from 63 farms in the departments of Ouémé and Plateau. These data were analyzed with SAS software, and the Fisher test was used for the significance of the breed, sex, and parity number effect on the zootechnical performances. It appears that estrus detection was mainly based on the observation of signs of vulvar changes and behavior of the sow. These estruses were detected at any time and without the boar. The local sows were mated as soon as estruses were detected while improved sows were mated 36 h after. The pregnancy detection was performed by control of return of estrus, 21 days after the mating by the majority (80.6%) of the respondents. The litter size, the number of piglets born alive, and the weaned piglets of improved sows were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those of local sows. These parameters increased with the parity number until the 4th parity and decreased after. The litter size was highly correlated with the number of piglets born alive and weaned piglets. The farrowing interval was longer in local sows than in improved sows. The weights at birth, at 1 and 2 months old of improved piglets, were significantly higher than those of local piglets (P < 0.001). The knowledge of these performances will allow actions to be taken for their improvement.
由于猪的生产力低下，贝宁国内猪肉产量不足。本研究旨在评估贝宁南部饲养的猪的畜牧技术性能。从韦梅省和高原省的63个农场收集了畜牧技术性能和繁殖管理数据。这些数据用SAS软件进行分析，采用费舍尔检验来分析品种、性别和胎次对畜牧技术性能的影响是否显著。结果显示，发情检测主要基于观察母猪外阴变化迹象和行为。这些发情在任何时候都能检测到，无需公猪在场。本地母猪一旦检测到发情就进行配种，而改良母猪在发情检测到36小时后配种。大多数（80.6%）受访者在配种后21天通过观察发情是否回归来进行妊娠检测。改良母猪的产仔数、活产仔猪数和断奶仔猪数显著高于本地母猪（P < 0.001）。这些参数随着胎次增加至第4胎，之后下降。产仔数与活产仔猪数和断奶仔猪数高度相关。本地母猪的产仔间隔比改良母猪长。改良仔猪出生时、1月龄和2月龄时的体重显著高于本地仔猪（P < 0.001）。了解这些性能将有助于采取行动加以改进。
